556 THE GLACIAL LAKE AGASSIZ. 



at the same depth. In tlie well at the railroad engine house, somewhat farther west, 

 vegetable deposits, including sheets of turf and drift wood, were found at the depth 

 of 13 to 18 feet. 



Moorhead. — An unsuccessful boring done in 1889 by this city, iu the hope of 

 obtaining artesian water or gas, went to the depth of 1,750 feet. From comf)arisoii 

 and combination of notes published by Prof. l!f. H. Winchell,' with others supplied 

 by Mr. John T. Gray and Prof. 0. W. Hall, the section appears to have beeu as fol- 

 lows: Alluvial and lacustriue deijosits, chieiiy fine clayey silt, 55 feet; pebbly clay, 

 apparently till, 55 feet; gravel and sand, 35 feet, yielding water which rose nearly to 

 the surface; till, with occasional layers of sand, 75 feet, extending to the base of the 

 drift at 220 feet; bluish and greenish shales, with beds of sand, 145 feet, probably 

 belonging to the Fort Benton formation, of Cretaceous age; and granitoid and gneissic 

 rocks, doubtless of Archean age, beginning at 365 feet, of which a thickness of 1,385 

 feet was penetrated. 



Artesian wells iu the drift have beeu obtained here as follows: 



At J. G. Burgquist's brickyard a well 165 feet deex) flows 8 inches above the 

 surface. 



Minneapolis and Northern Elevator Company: Well, 200 feet deep, with water 

 rising 5 feet above the surface. In another well, 200 feet deep, at Lamb Bros.' 

 brickyard, the water rises only to a level 6 feet below the surface. 



These deep wells have water of good quality, excepting its hardness, while the 

 water of shallow wells, 10 to 25 feet deep, coming from a bed of sand 3 to 10 feet 

 thick, .inclosed above and below by the alluvial clay, is somewhat alkaline. Most of 

 the water used for domestic purposes iu both Moorhead and Fargo is taken from the 

 Eed Eiver by waterworks. 



At the Artesian stock farm of W. E. Tanner & Co., section 21, Moorhead, a well 

 228 feet deep found water in a bed of sand forming the lowest 3 feet of the section, 

 and rises 2^ feet above the surface. It is free from any saline and alkaline taste, and 

 can be used for washing with soap. Two previous borings here were stopped at the 

 depth of about 180 feet by encountering bowlders iu the till. Most of the deep wells 

 within a few miles about this farm get water in layers of gravel and sand inclosed in 

 the till at depths from 160 to 200 feet, from which the water rises to a few feet below 

 the surface, not overflowing. 



Kragncs. — Minneapolis and Northern Elevator Company : Artesian well, 155 feet 

 deep; water rises 4 feet above the surface, there flowiug only 30 barrels in twenty- 

 four hours from a 2-inch pipe; but this well, when pumped, supplies an abundance of 

 water, and can not be reduced more than 20 feet below the surface. 



Common wells on farms around Kragnes are 15 to 30 feet deep. 



' Geol. and Nat. Hiat. Survey of Miuuesota, Bulletin No. 5, " Natural gas in Minnesota," 1889, 

 pp. 27-31. 



