NOTES OF AETESIAN AND COMMON WELLS. 561 



Harvey Cook, southwest qnarter of swition 8: Artesian well, about 180 feet deep; 

 water rises li feet above the surface. 



There are many artesian wells, probably not less than a hundred, within a radius 

 of 10 miles around Orookston, ranging from 165 to 285 feet in depth, wholly in the 

 drift. Most of them have excellent water, free from any saline or alkaline taste. 



Fisher. — Red Lake Mills, in the village: Well, 190 feet deep; soil, 2 feet; yel- 

 lowish alluvial clay, 12 feet; quicksand, about 1 foot, yielding water of sufficient 

 amount and good quality for common wells; dark bluish clay, mostly till, through all 

 the remaining depth below, except that it incloses infrequent layers of sand 6 to 12 

 inches thick, from one of which, at the depth of about 125 feet, water rose to 6 feet 

 below the surface, but no artesian flow was found. 



L. Freeman, in the north edge of the village: Well, 198 feet; alluvial clay, 40 

 feet; and till, inclosing occasional seams of sand and gravel up to 1 foot in thickness, 

 extended thence to the bottom. Water of good quality rises to 9 feet below the sxirface. 

 By tapping the pipe at a slightly lower level it flows to the milk house and barnyard, 

 which are situated near the well, on the slope descending to the river. 



Hugh Thompson and F. S. De Mers, in the south part of the village : Artesian 

 well, 285 feet deep, mainly till, but beds of gravel and sand containing fresh water 

 were encountered at lo3 feet and 190«feet, each of these beds being about 10 feet thick. 

 Brackish water from sand at the bottom rises to 1 foot below the surface. Though 

 perceptibly saline, it is relished by horses and cattle and is found to agree with them. 



It seems very significant that this well, the first noted with considerable salt 

 water in proceeding northward on the Minnesota side of the Red River, is close to a 

 boring by C. W. Webster in the southwest quarter of section 14, about a mile east of 

 Fisher, which at a depth of 300 feet reached a very fine-grained white sandstone, 

 doubtless the Dakota sandstone, as that formation is encountered at a similar depth 

 by numerous wells on the opposite side of this vaUey plain in North Dakota. This 

 sandstone, as stated in the earlier part of this chapter, is probably the source of the 

 saline water commonly obtained by deep wells in the drift northward from the vicinity 

 of Crookston and Fisher to southern Manitoba. 



St. Eilaire. — An artesian well 14G feet deep, wholly in the drift, chiefly till, was 

 bored about three-fourths of a mile south of the depot, near where the Crookston road 

 and railway turn south westward ; good water, but scanty flow. 



Euclid. — Two miles northeast of Euclid, Mr. Allen has a flowing well about 75 

 feet deep; water rising only a little above the surface. 



In the village common wells obtain an inexhaustible supply of good water at the 

 depth of 12 to 18 feet, the section being soil, 2 feet; yellow till, spaded, 6 to 10 feet; 

 and gray till, darker and much harder, requiring to be picked, several feet, to a bed 

 of quicksand from which the water rises to a permanent level G to 8 feet below the 

 surface. 



MON XXV 3G 



