580 THE GLACIAL LAKE AGASSIZ. 



well that was dug, and within a few days it reached its permanent level, about 20 feet 

 below the surface. It does not sink below this level in dry seasons, but in wet seasons 

 it rises to 7 feet below the surface, near the bottom of the sand. It is somewhat 

 salty, so that it is not suitable for house use, but it is drunk freely, and with no ill 

 efl'ect, by horses and cattle during the entire winter. 



A quarter of a mile south of this Mr. McKenzie's father has a similar well as to 

 its depth and succession of deposits passed through to rock, but it obtains a less ample 

 supply of water. Both wells are SG4 feet, approximately, above the sea; and the top 

 of the bed-rock is accordingly aboiit 706 feet above the sea level. 



Gladstone. — Wells vary from 10 to 1.5 feet in depth, in sandy, fine silt. Water 

 abundant and of excellent quality. 



Arden. — In the vicinity of Arden wells are 10 to 50 feet deep, the section being 

 till, excepting where this is overlain by beach deposits from 5 to 15 feet thick. 



Neepawa. — John A. Davidson & Co., store: Well, GO feet, the deepest in the 

 town; soil, 2 feet; gravel and sand of the Assiniboine delta, 12 feet; and till, dark 

 bluish, with the usual proportion of gravel and bowlders, 46 feet, and extending below; 

 water good. Other wells, mostly 15 to 25 feet deep, reach till at nearly the same depth. 



Township 13, range 16. — The deepest wells iu this township go 50 to 70 feet, wholly 

 in till; but commonly a sufficient supply of water is found within 30 feet or less. 



Carberry. — Wells 10 to 20 feet deep in sand, the Assiniboine delta; plenty of 

 good water. 



Ghater. — At the elevator, 42 feet, and at the hotel, 31 feet, wholly in till, yellowish 

 above and dark bluish below; water rose several feet. 



Brandon. — Wells 10 to 30 feet deep, in delta gravel, underlain by till ; good water. 



Carman. — Depths 10 to 15 feet, in alluvial clay, with sandy layers; good water. 

 Two miles south of Carman, James Stewart's and George E. Laidlaw's wells are, 

 respectively, about 100 and 120 feet deep, probably passing through the alluvial and 

 lacustrine clays and glacial drift to underlying Cretaceous shales. The water of the 

 deeper of these is too brackish for house use, but is drunk by cattle. 



Treherne. — In the vicinity of Treherne wells vary from 15 to 50 feet in depth, the 

 section being beach and delta deposits of stratified gravel and sand; excellent water. 



Holland. — Wells at Holland are 10 to 20 feet deep, in till to shale, which is reached 

 at about 10 feet; water good, generally better from the shale than from the drift. 

 Shale is not encountered by wells farther north, on the Assiniboine delta. In the 

 adjoining Tiger Hills, on the south, the depth to shale varies commonly from 2 or 3 to 

 10 or 15 feet. 



Cypress Eiver and Glenboro. — Depths, 10 to 17 feet, in fine silt, the delta of the 

 Assiniboine; water good, issuing from quicksand. 



Township 8, range 18. — Rountlnvaite post-oifice, section 14: Well, 20 feet deep; 

 soil, 2 feet; yellowish gray till, 13 feet; harder blue till, 5 feet and lower; water seeps, 

 plentiful and good. 



