ABORIGINAL EAETHWOEKS. 645 



probably built over a slight natural inound of tlio placial drift. This earthwork, 

 rising only about 15 feet above the adjoining surface, is near the north line of the 

 northeast quarter of section 32, to wnsiiip 2, range 7 west. Its top is about 40 feet al)ove 

 Darlingford railway station and ],60i> feet above the sea. From it the land descends 

 fast eastward to Thornhiil and Mordeu, overlooking farther east the vast valley plain 

 of the Red River. The earthwork consists of till, inc'losiug frequent bowlders up to I 

 foot in diameter, witli aconsiderableadmixtureof gravel, which was probably brouobt 

 from the shores of a beautiful lakelet a few hundred feet distant to the north. The 

 diameter of the principal mound, which is dome-shaped, is 95 feet, with a height of 

 15 feet. Thence an embankment about 2 feet high extends 10 rods southwest, and 

 its farther portion, turning with a right angle, continues about 4 rods to the south- 

 east. Excavation in the mound has brought to liglit human bones and many buffalo 

 skulls, often much decayed and fragmentary. The name Calf Mountain, probably a 

 translation from an aboriginal name, refci's to this united sepulture of the remains of 

 man and the buflfixlo. 



Several round mounds, 2 to 4 feet high, are situated on the blufls of Mowbray 

 and Snowtlake creeks. Two of these, near the southeast corner of section !», township 

 1, range west, were found to contain in each four or five skeletons. 



On the top of Star Mound (p. 09) an artificial mound, built of till, with bowlders 

 up to a foot in diameter, has a height of about 4 feet and diameter of 50 feet, with 

 slight embankments extending beyond its circumference about 20 feet to the north 

 and south. Similarly, the top of Pilot Mound (p. 99) has an earthwork about 2 feet 

 high and 50 feet in diameter. The crests of a few of the Tiger Hills are also crowned 

 with small mounds, some of which have been excavated and are found to have been 

 built for purposes of burial. 



On the southeast blutf of the Cypress River, close east of the mouth of Tiger 

 Creek, are three mounds, of which the most northeastern and largest is (1 feet Ingh. 

 These are on land about 25 feet above the general level of the surrounding country 

 and 1,2G0 feet above the sea. 



r.esides the foregoing, which I have examined, my assistant, Mr. Robert 11. 

 Young, noted a mound about 4 feet high and 60 feet in diameter on the crest of the 

 southeastern end of a beach like esker in the southeast quarter of section ."W, town- 

 ship 12, range 1 east, near the Grosse Isle (j). 187). 



A very large mound, said to be about 10 feet high, is reported on land of Mr. 

 William IMiind beside the White Mud River, about a mile west from Westbourne. 

 On its surface, or not far below it, stone pipes, pottery, and human skulls and other 

 bones have been found; but at the time of this informatiou no deep excavation had 

 been made. 



