130 “TERRA NOVA” EXPEDITION. 
Museum (Natural History), including some undescribed larvae from the ‘‘ Discovery ” 
collection. 
NoTOTHENIIDAE. 
Notothenia (PI. II, fig. 2). 
A mass of eggs and a number of newly hatched larvae taken on Sept. 21st, 
1910, at Roy Cove, Falkland Islands, by Mr. Rupert Vallentin, evidently belong 
to a species of Notothenia. The eggs have a diameter of about 1°5 mm., and the 
capsules adhere by facets to form a loose mass, just as in our northern Cottus scorpius. 
The newly hatched larvae have a length of about 6 mm., and in their general structure 
are very similar to Cottus larvae, for they have a short abdomen and a long tail, the 
mouth is well-developed, and the median fin extends from the head round the tail to 
the yolk-sac ; the anus is placed a short distance behind the yolk-sac, instead of at its 
posterior edge, as in Cottus, nor can I see an oil-globule in the yolk. 
Loénnberg has noted that in August JV. tessel/ata and NV. sima had the ovaries well 
developed, with eggs measuring 1 mm. or less; it is quite likely therefore that the 
eggs and larvae described above belong to one of these species or to another species of 
the ¢essellata group. 
A second mass, also presented by Mr. Vallentin, is very similar to the first, but has 
the eggs somewhat larger (diameter 1°7 mm.); it was found under a stone at the 
Falklands on May 10th, 1910. 
Of the Antarctic species of Notothenia Lonnberg has noted that N. larseni and 
N. nudifrons were nearly ripe on April 19, and that in NV. rossi and N. gibberifrons the 
ovaries were very small in May, and in J. coriiceps in August. 
Late larval and early post-larval stages of Notothenia have not yet been found. 
Two young examples of V. macrocephala, 40 mm. long, were taken by the “ Challenger” 
in the tow-net on Jan. 8th, 1874, off Kerguelen. These are very different in appearance 
from the adult fish, as they are bright silvery, with the back bluish. From this 
coloration and from their method of capture it may be concluded that the young of this 
species swim at the surface and that its wide distribution may be connected with this. 
In XV. cyaneobrancha, which is restricted to Kerguelen, young examples of 40 mm. have 
the mottled coloration of the adult. 
Trematomus. 
In examples of 7. bernacchii and T. hansoni taken by the “Southern Cross” 
and “Discovery” I find that the genital glands are much larger in April than 
in October. Females taken in April have well-developed ovaries with eggs 1 to 
1°5 mm. in diameter. All the specimens that were preserved of those captured in traps 
during the winter are males, with testes nearly ripe ; it may be that the females cease 
feeding at the approach of the breeding season. It is probable that spawning takes 
place about July, and that the eggs are not much, if any, larger than in Notothenia. 
