LARVAL AND POST-LARVAL FISHES—REGAN. 131 
Pleuragramma antarcticum, Bouleng. (P1. II, figs. 3-6). 
Larval and post-larval examples were taken by the “ Discovery ” at Ross Island, 
at a depth of 6 to 10 fathoms. 
Date of Capture. Length. 
December 14th, 1902... ... 6-7 mm. 
December 25th, 1902... ... 8-10 mm. 
February 8th, 1904 La soo SEI Racaiiey, 
February 21st, 1902... ... 15-19 mm. 
April, 1903 Ags ... 15-25 mm. 
May 23rd, 1902 aa ... 24 mm. 
August 13th, 1903 be Lo —2o) Tam. 
September 18th, 1903 ... ... 20-25 mm. 
The “Terra Nova” also secured specimens from the Ross Sea and the coast of 
Victoria Land : 
Station. Date. Locality. Length. 
Near 186 December 31st, 1910 Ross Sea, 190 fathoms 30-35 mm. 
325 August 8th, 1911 Cape Evans, 10 metres 16-18 mm. 
326 January 9th, 1912 Terra Nova Bay, 10 metres 10 mm. 
337 January 22nd, 1912 Cape Bird, 80 metres 10 mm. 
325 April 30th, 1912 Cape Evans, 10 metres 22-25 mm. 
From these data it seems probable that Pleuragramma may breed in the early 
Antarctic summer, that the eggs may hatch out about the beginning of December, that 
the newly hatched larvae may be 6 mm. long or a little less, that by the winter they may 
reach a length of 15 to 25 mm., and when a year old may be as much as 35 mm. long. 
Larval and post-larval examples have been taken not far from the coast and at depths 
not exceeding 80 metres. Young fish (30 to 35 mm.) in the Ross Sea at a depth of 
190 fathoms, and adults from the Ross Sea, 158 fathoms, from near the Balleny 
Islands, 254 fathoms, in addition to examples found frozen on the ice barrier and 
others taken from seals’ stomachs. 
Larvae of 6-7 mm. are very similar to those of Notothenia from the Falklands. 
Figures (PI. Il) are given of examples 6, 11°5,13°5 and 25 mm. long. It will be noted 
that the permanent caudal rays are making their appearance in the larva of 11 mm., 
and that in the larger ones they have assumed their final position. The differentiation 
of the dorsal and anal rays proceeds from behind forwards, and the full number is not 
developed until a length of 30 mm. is reached. Pectoral fins are present from the first, 
but the pelvics are rudimentary in fish of 25 to 35 mm. and are absent in smaller ones. 
The pigmentation at the bases of the vertical fins and on the dorsal surface of the 
abdominal cavity appears to be characteristic. 
In these larval and post-larval Pleuragramma the eye is proportionately smaller 
than in the adult fish, no doubt because the latter descend to greater depths. 
