136 “TERRA NOVA” EXPEDITION. 
ISOSPONDYLI. 
CLUPEIDAE. 
Sardinella pseudohispanica, Poey. (PI. V, fig. 2). 
Typical Clupeoid larvae, 7 to 8 mm. long, 
with the anus far back, anal fin 
undeveloped, dorsal fin posterior, and caudal rayed and terminal. There are stellate 
chromatophores on the head, below the heart, and above and below the gut; they are 
most distinct on the dorsal border of the hinder two-thirds of the gut. Vertebrae 46. 
The number of vertebrae and the resemblance to the larval Pilchard (Sardina 
pilchardus) lead me to identify these larvae as Sardinella pseudohispanica, which is the 
Western Atlantic representative of the Mediterranean Allache (Sardinella aurita, Cuv. 
and Val.); the genera Sardina and Sardinella are very closely related. 
Stations 39, 40. Six miles off the mouth of Rio de Janeiro Harbour. 2 metres. 
April 27th, 1913. 
Sardina neopilchardus, Steind. (Pl. V, figs. 3, 4). 
Three larval and post-larval fishes may be referred to this species. I count 
16 dorsal and 16 anal rays and 52 or 53 myotomes. The smallest example, 12 mm. 
long, is more advanced than the 11°5 mm. larva of Sardina pilchardus figured by 
Cunningham, as the caudal fin is fully formed and terminal in position, and the anal 
rays are appearing. The largest, 18 mm. long, appears to differ from Cunningham’s 
24mm. S. pilchardus chiefly in details of pigmentation, but after examination of 
Pilchard larvae from Plymouth, kindly lent by Dr. E. J. Allen, I am doubtful whether 
there are any constant differences between the larvae of the European species and its 
representative in the seas of Australia and New Zealand. 
Station 135. Spirits Bay, near North Cape, New Zealand. 3 metres. Sept. Ist, 1911. 
STOMIATIDAE. 
Stylophthalmus macrenteron, sp. n. (Pl. V, fig. 1). 
A post-larval fish, 33 mm. long, shows several resemblances to Stylophthalmus 
paradoxus, Brauer, and may therefore be described as a Stylophthalmus, although it is 
unlikely that it is congeneric with any of the species associated under that name. In 
all probability it belongs to the family Stomiatidae ; the only other family that seems 
possible is the Alepocephalidae. If this be a Stomiatid it may represent a young stage 
of Eustomias obscurus, Vaillant, described from a single specimen taken near the 
Azores. 
Form elongate; head one-fifth of the length of the fish. Snout produced and 
depressed ; lower jaw prominent ; maxillary toothed, not nearly reaching eye; inter- 
orbital region broad and flat. Myotomes about 70. Dorsal 22, placed posteriorly. 
Anal 40, extending forward in advance of dorsal. Protruding terminal portion of 
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