106 
mind and body is shown by listless movements, 
fallen countenances, dull eyes, and changed com- 
plexion. 
Terror and rage are expressed by the chim- 
panzee by the utterance of shrill screams and 
terrified yells, and a harsh barking noise, the 
lips being drawn back, so that the teeth are ex- 
posed and with nostrils dilated. The hair be- 
comes erect, the arms are thrown wildly about, 
and sometimes the hands are clasped tightly 
over the head. A young chimpanzee in a passion 
presents a curious resemblance to a child in the 
same state of emotion. 
The investigations of Professor Robert M. 
Yerkes, of Harvard University, on “The Mental 
Life of Monkeys and Apes,” furnish much in- 
teresting data for the student of animal psychol- 
ogy; also the work of Dr. Haggerty on “Imi- 
tations in Monkeys,” which was carried out 
in the New York Zoological Park, and submitted 
to Harvard University as a thesis for his degree 
of Doctor of Philosophy. Haggerty’s tests of 
the ability of young orangs and chimpanzees to 
solve simple problems, and to use tools in vari- 
ous ways, yielded results which may be safely 
accepted as evidences of a fairly high degree of 
reasoning in these animals. 
Both parents of our baby are unusually large 
and well developed chimpanzees, such as rarely 
are seen in captivity. 
Suzette, the mother, (Pan chimpanzee, Mey- 
er), habitat Gambia, West Africa), was acquired 
March 2, 1918, through the gift of the John L. 
Cadwalader Fund. She was born about 1910, 
making her age at this time about ten years. 
She is three feet and ten inches in height, and 
weighs approximately 130 pounds. 
Suzette was purchased from Mr. Fred D’ 
Osta, who had trained her on the vaudeville 
stage for about two years before we secured her. 
She was an accomplishd performer and gave 
some remarkable exhibitions of ‘trick’ bicycle 
riding, roller skating, ball rolling and other 
feats. Owing to her great strength, and at times, 
an erratic disposition which made her difficult 
to handle on the stage, she was retired from 
theatricals about the time we purchased her 
from her trainer. 
Boma, the father, is a hairy-headed Schwein- 
furth chimpanzee, (Pan chimpanzee, Giglioti). 
His habitat is Soudan, German East Africa, 
and he also was acquired through the gift of 
the John L. Cadwalader Fund. He arrived at 
the Park on August 21, 1915. He was born 
in 1912, making him about eight years old. He 
stands about three feet and eight inches in 
height, and weighs approximately 145 pounds. 
ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN 
Since coming to the Park, Boma has developed 
a wonderfully fine physique, but owing to his 
untamed and wild spirit, no effort has been made 
to train him in any way. During the past year 
he has developed a more amiable disposition, 
especially toward his keepers, although still he 
resents undue familiarity. 
On July 14, 1920, about 10:45 A. M., while 
passing through the Primate House, Keeper 
Palmer reported that the chimpanzee Suzette 
had not eaten her breakfast, and upon going 
to the outside cage to examine her, we found her 
lying on her back, where she had apparently 
just a moment before given birth to a baby. 
The baby was lying on the mother’s abdomen, 
face downward and covered by the hands of the 
mother. Because of the fact that the event oc- 
curred several weeks before it was expected, 
no one was present at the critical moment save 
Boma, the father. 
Boma had been with Suzette in the outside 
cage for about an hour and when I found him 
he was sitting, apparently unconcerned, about 
twenty feet from Suzette. 
Boma was allowed to enter his own interior 
cage, while Suzette with her baby tucked into 
her left groin, and clinging to her hair, was 
quickly returned to her own cage. Here two 
bundles of fresh straw were provided, out of 
which she at once made a comfortable bed for 
herself and infant. In walked from the outer 
to the inner cage, Suzette walked on her hands 
and right foot, keeping the lett leg flexed upon 
her abdomen, with the infant’s head appearing 
at the anterior point of the hip bone. 
When moved to the inner cage Suzette was 
very quiet and docile, and soon settled down in 
her bed. Upon hearing Boma in his cage she 
became restless and started several times as if 
she wished to join him. When offered food she 
ate hungrily. As Suzette made her bed up close 
to the front bars of the cage, an opportunity was 
thus offered to study the appearance of the 
baby, whenever its mother uncovered it, which 
she did frequently. 
When first seen in the outer cage it was feared 
that the baby might be premature, but on a 
closer view it appeared normal in every way. 
There was an abundance of thick hair on the 
head, and this was parted in the middle as neatly 
as though it had been combed. There was also 
hair on the shoulders and arms as far down as 
the elbows. The eyes were wide open, brown 
in color, and had the appearance of being able 
to see. The standing height and weight of the 
baby, estimated at birth were, height sixteen 
inches, weight three pounds. The more accurate 
