1912] Ritter: The Marine Biological Station of San Diego 189 
fathoms, the terminal bottle is attached to the end of the cable 
and lowered to 25 fathoms. The second bottle is then clamped 
to the cable and lowered to a depth of fifteen fathoms, when the 
third is attached and lowered to a depth of 35 fathoms, after 
which the fourth is attached and lowered to 10 fathoms. This 
brings the terminal bottle into 75, the second into 50, the third 
into 45, and the fourth into 10 fathoms as desired. After wait- 
ing about a minute to insure the setting of the thermometers, a 
messenger is sent down which reverses the first bottle, thereby 
freeing a second messenger which reverses the second bottle, and 
so on. After all the bottles have been reversed (which can be 
detected by feeling the cable), the cable is elevated until the first 
bottle reaches the deck. The bottle is then detached from the 
cable and handed over to the scientist who notes the temperature 
and places the instrument in a specially made rack which allows 
the water to run out into a container. By this means as soon as 
the water has been removed from the terminal bottle everything 
is in readiness for a second series. In case gas samples are taken 
the water must be removed more carefully, so as to preclude the 
possibility of admixture with air. The gas analysis sample being 
secured the bottle is then placed in the rack as before. There is 
no necessity to hurry in removing the water from these bottles, 
for the first one to arrive on deck is the last one needed in the 
next series. The cable is operated in exactly the same Way as 
when working with the Nansen and Kofoid nets. 
(e) The Other Apparatus. The Kofoid water bottle, the 
trawl and dredges are operated in much the same manner as the 
instruments already mentioned. 
(f) Methods of Recording. Even though the best apparatus, 
the best methods of operating, and the most expert crew in the 
world were employed, the data would be worthless for the main 
purpose of the investigations unless properly recorded. A 
double-entry plan of recording is used on the ““Agassiz.’’ After 
the hauls and water-samples are transferred to containers, the 
recorder labels each one. For this purpose he is provided with 
haul and water-sample books consisting of tags about one and 
one-half inches square, made of the best linen paper. Printed 
along the left margin of each tag are the folowing items: 
