COLLEMBOLA OF MINNESOTA 47 



those figured for S. minutus, having the same difference be- 

 tween those of the first pair and the others. The sub-anal pa- 

 pillae are slender when seen from the sides, and the accompany- 

 ing bristles, the "appendices anales" ofTullberg, have the appear- 

 ance of simple, curved bristles when seen laterally, that is, look- 

 ing at their edge. When the end is slightly turned, however, 

 as is usually the case, it appears somewhat ragged or serrate, 

 fig. lob. When viewed on the flat it is seen to be much flattened, 

 rather palmate in form, with the median edge deeply cleft or slit 

 up, fig. loa. The papillae are grooved along their front sides, the 

 bristles proceeding from the groove as shown in fig, iib, which 

 is a cross-section of the papiila at the base of the bristle in S, 

 minutus. The eyes are like those of S. minutus, as seen in fig. 

 12. S. quadrimaculatus is a summer species, usually found under 

 loose bark. On account of its size and color it is not an easy 

 species t6 see ; but when once located, the four white spots render 

 it easy to identify, even with the naked eye. 



Sminthurus niger Lubb. 

 PI. V, Figs. 16-18. 



1867. Smynthurus niger. Lubbock, Notes on the Thys. Part III, p. 297. 



Plate XXI, figs. 11-12. 

 1871. Sminthurus bimaculatus. Tullberg, Sver. Podur. p. 145. 

 1873. Smynthurus niger. Lubbock, Monogr. Coll. and Thys. Part III. 



PI. VI, and LXIII, fig. 3. 



1890. Smynthurus niger. Uzel, Thys. Bohem. p. 35. 



1891. Sminthurus niger. Schott, Kaliforn. Collemb. p. 12. PI. II, i. 

 1893. Sminthurus niger. Schott, Pal^arct. Collemb. p. 32. PI. II, 12. 



1895. Sminthurus niger. Reuter, Finlands Collemb. och. Thys. p. 13. 



1896. Sminthurus niger. Lie-Pettersen, Norges Collemb. p. 12. PI. II, i. 



Lubbock describes this species as "Blttish black ; feet, ter- 

 minal segment of spring, and a spot on the front inner corner 

 of each eye patch pale. Hairs short, white, more or less in lon- 

 gitudinal rows. Length, 1/23 of an inch. Under boards in my 

 kitchen-garden. Not common, solitary. August to December. 

 This ugly little species does not resemble any yet described. It 

 differs from S. ater DeGeer in the form of the spring etc., and 

 from S. fuliginosis Nicolet in the absence of white patches on 

 the body and in having the head and antennae black. The ter- 

 minal portion of the antennae is not distinctly ringed, the posi- 



