. 
88 CROCION ACHLYDOPHYLLUM 
reticulately pitted (8 and 2), spiral (4) and annular (6) tracheae with two 
strands of wood-fibres (3). 
Fig. 15. Cross section of an old rootstock. (Ep.) Epidermis, (Hy.) 
hypodermis, (Cp.) cortex cells with starch grains (St.), (End.) endodermis, 
(L.) leptome, (H.) hadrome, (Med.) pith cells heavily charged with starch. 
Fig. 16. Longitudinal section of a rhizome. (Ep.) Epidermis, (Hy.) 
hypodermis, (Cp.) cortical parenchyma, (E.) endodermis, (L) leptome, 
(H.) hadrome in which are shown spiral (c), annular (a), and reticulately 
pitted vessels of large (f) and small(n) lumen, (St.) starch, (Ph.) phellogen 
and (Co.) cork. 
Fig. 17. Cross section of the stem. (Ep.) Epidermis, (Hy.) hypo- 
dermis, (Cp.) cortex cells, (End.) endodermis, (Lep.) leptome, (Had.) 
hadrome, (Med.) medulla. 
Fig. 18. Longitudinal section of a stem. (Ep.) Epidermis, (Ry.) 
hypodermis, (Co.) cortex, (End.) endodermis, (L.) leptome, (H.) hadrome 
with wood parenchyma (w), (Med.) cells of the medulla in which calcium 
oxalate crystal aggregates are found (C.R.). 
Fig. 19. Hairs on stem. (A.) internal protoplasm with its nucleus 
(N), nuceolus (O), and protoplasm granules (Pg.), (Cw.) cell wall. Surface 
view (C.) showing markings (Sm.). The hairs are confined mainly to the 
ridges of the stem (E.). 
Fig. 20. Transvese section of a petiole of a mature leaf. (Ep.) 
Epidermis, (Hy.) hypodermis, (Co.) cells of the cortex containing calcium 
oxalate crystals, (End.) endodermis, (Lep.) leptome, (Had.) hadrome, 
(Med.) medulla. 
Fig. 21. Vertical section of the petiole. (Ep.) Cells of the epidermis 
with thickened outer walls, (Hy.) hypodermis, (Cp.) cortex parenchyma 
in which chlorophyll (c), starch grains (H.) and crystals of calcium oxalate 
were found. (End.) Endodermis with chlorophyll, (Lep.) leptome showing 
sieve-tubes (St.) and leptome parenchyma (Cc.), (Had.) hadrome with 
spiral and annular vessels. 
Fig. 22. Cross section of the middle part of a leaf showing the fibrova- 
cular bundle of the midrib. (Ep.) Upper epidermis with the underlying 
layer of 3 or 4 collenchyma cells, (Ch.) chlorenchyma composed of palisade 
tissue (Pp.) and spongy parenchyma (Sp.), (Ep’.) lower epidermis and sub- 
epidermal thick-angled cells (Col.), (Lep.) leptome and (Had.) hadrome. 
Fig. 23. View of the pneumatic tissue of an old leaf from the under 
face showing its large intercellular spaces. ; 
Fig. 24. Face view of the upper epidermis of a leaf showing the epi- 
dermal cells with straight walls and stomata. 
Fig. 25. Face view of the lower epidermis of a leaf and stomata. The 
cell walls of the epidermis are undulate. 
Fig. 26. <A cross section of the lateral petal cut at right angle to its 
length. (a) The internal structure and origin of a hair from one of the epi- 
dermal cells (Ep.), (Sub.) sub-epidermal tissue, (b) surface view of the 
hair showing cell wall markings, (c) low power dra wing showing the charac- 
teristic clavate shape of the hairs. 
