398 THE AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 
for this State the writer finds the supra-anal opening present. 
Its presence has been doubted by some other writers. This pygmied 
mussel has great vitality. The writer records thirty-eight heart 
beats per minute—among the most rapid of the Nazades. It is 
one of the most active in its locomotion. Its breeding season show 
it to be bradytictic. The writer has been fortunate to secure parva’s 
glochidium and make more of a definite study than has been recorded 
since Lea left his studies. (Obs. XIII, 1874, pl. XXI, fig. 2.) 
Carunculina texasensis (Lea). 
(“Texas Shell.””) 
Not figured. 
1857— Unio texasensts Lea, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 84; Jl. Ae. 
ING Sell S60) Dp 35 On pl el tigen sa! 
1862— Unto bealez Lea, Jl. Ac. N. Sci., V., p. 204, pl. XXX, fig. 273, 
1912b—Eurynia (Carunculina) texasensts Ortmann, An. Car. Mus., 
WIDDG, joes SieKey, 
ANIMAL CHARACTERS:— The writer not having seen the 
soft parts of this species quotes Simpson’s description :—‘‘ Animal 
with marsupium consisting of a few large ovisacs (8 to 13); inner 
gills wholly, or in part, free from the abdominal sac; female 
often having a well developed caruncle on the mantle below the 
branchial opening.” 
SHELL CHARACTERS. 
EXTERNAL STRUCTURES:—Shell small, rather thick, subin- 
flated, smooth, rounded before, pointed post-dorsad; post- 
umbonal ridge rather prominent, especially in the female shell, 
which is shorter, more inflated and not so pointed posteriorly; 
epidermis a dark slaty color with one or two whitish rest lines; 
beaks low with coarse concentric bars upcurved at base of post- 
ridge. 
INTERNAL STRUCTURES:—Cardinals double in right, faintly 
so in left valve; laterals single in both; interdentum lacking; 
beak and branchial cavities rather shallow and irridescent pos- 
teriorly. 
Sex Length Height Diameter Locality 
OP Ae x 24 ox 17.5, nam ) (ost Creek Amity) 
OO B71 ke Ons i. Mn epOmtn (Lost Creek, Amity) 
MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS:—Comparison to some types of 
texasensis from Wimberly Lake, Texas, assures the writer that 
