YORKSHIRE NATURALISTS* UNION AT KILDALE. 275 



■existed further up the stream. Several years ago the dam of the 

 upper lake having burst, the water entered the lower lake with so 

 much force that the embankment of that also gave way, and the 

 effect of the downrush of the combined contents of the two lakes 

 may be readily imagined. 



Having ascended the hill to the right, the parly made their way 

 along the slopes of the hill upon which Captain Cook's monument 

 stands. From here an extensive view was obtained, and one most 

 interesting and instructive to the ' geological eye.' A little below 

 there was a prominent encircling ridge formed by the hard bands of 

 the margaritatus-zone. On the higher ground above them a second 

 conspicuous ridge, due in like manner to the resisting power of the 

 hard sandstone of the Inferior Oolite. This latter ridge might be 

 traced as an escarpment right round the valley to the left, and from 

 its various appearances the instructed eye might learn much as to 

 tlie amount of change which had occurred since glaciers brought 

 their ponderous burdens, and swept others hence. Here and there 

 on the lower ground might be discerned hummocks of sand and 

 -gravel, due to the Middle Glacial epoch ; while running round the 

 hill-sides at a moderate elevation was to be seen a conspicuous line 

 of mounds of rubbish mined from the zone of Aini/iofutes serpentlnus 

 in the search for jet, in the days when an unjust system of trade 

 had not caused ' real Whitby Jet " to be superseded by ' Frenchy,' 

 and all but extinguished an interesting Cleveland mining industry. 

 Far away in the distance might be discerned the hills near Rich- 

 mond. 



Passing through the hamlet of Langbargh, ascent was made in 

 the direction of Roseberry Topping, and Airey Holm was reached, 

 where the young Captain Cook once lived in his father's house. 

 The place has been identified with the ancient Hergum, which 

 in turn took its name from the horg, or blot-sten, or sacrificial 

 open-air altar made use of in the worship of Odin, the all-father. 

 The old name of Roseberry was Odinsberg, and how this name 

 came to be superseded by the modern one, and what the first 

 element of the modern name signifies, are problems which historians 

 and philologists do not yet appear to be able satisfactorily to 

 solve. 



The party of nature-worshippers (more intelligent than they of 

 old it may be) who visited the })lace on the 12th of July, did not 

 observe the blot-sten of old Odin, but they observed certain bits of 

 rounded rock which had been pushed into the locality by the long 

 arms of the powerful ice-king who ruled here before Odin's time, and 

 carved him out his throne. These bits of rock had evidently been 



Sept- 1S90. 



