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GLACIAL EVIDENCES NEAR HARROGATE. 



A. LESLIE ARMSTRONG, F.S.A. (Scot.), 

 Harrogate. 



An enterprising farmer, whose land lies to the north-west of 

 Harrogate, abutting upon the ' Rough Road,' or Pennypot 

 Lane, has recently endeavoured to ' break ' a small portion of 

 virgin moorland (where the Butterfly Orchis, Hahenaria 

 hifolia, grew very plentifully), but his labours have pro\'ed far 

 more satisfactory to the geologist than to himself. A capping 



The Pennypot Lane field. View looking north-west towards the source of the 

 ancient ice-stream. 



of vegetable soil, only a few inches deep, here overlays the 

 glacial drift, which consists of stiff blue clay enclosing an 

 enormous number of boulders immediately below the surface ; 

 — many of the larger ones quite visible above it. An infinite 

 amount of trouble has been involved in raising these boulders, 

 and they lie closely scattered over the two acres or so which 

 have been ' broken,' so that the land in all probability now 

 presents almost identically the same appearance that it did after 

 the recession of the great ice sheet. Some idea of the number 

 and size of these boulders will be obtained from the accom- 

 panying illustration. They all consist of local gritstones of 

 various kinds, probably from Guys Cliff Moor, and the heights 



