432 Morley : Life History of Dasypolia templi. 



surface of the ground. Six weeks seems to be the average 

 time of the pupal stage. Two or three days before emergance 

 the chrysaHs becomes very rigid and seem.s unable to move 

 any of the segmental joints. 



The time of emergence is invariably between 9-30 and 

 11-30 a.m. Of the scores of this insect that I have reared, 

 not one emerged after mid-day. This seems a strange time 

 for a night-flying insect to leave the pupa, but in this case it 

 appears to be a necessity, for usually it is 3 or 4 p.m. before 

 the insects are perfectly developed, and I know of no other 

 lepidopterous insect requiring such a length of time to 

 thoroughly harden its wings. The extraordinary number of 

 scales which clothe the body and wings may account for it, and 

 considering the cold damp places chosen for hybernation it 

 would appear that this extra clothing is absolutely necessary. 



My experience of this species leads me to suppose that it 

 is remarkably free from parasitic attacks. I have always bred 

 a very good percentage of moths from wild larvae, and I have 

 not yet obtained a parasitic fly. 



The Report and Proceedings of the Manchester Field Naturalists*^ 

 and Archaeologists' Society for the year 1909 (97 pp.), recently pubUshed, 

 is for the fiftieth j'car, and is a great improvement upon its predecessors. 

 It is much better printed, and the cover is also more suitable. We also 

 miss (gladly) many of the obtrusive advertisements, though there are still 

 some, and unfortunately one is printed on the same page as some of the 

 ordinary matter, so that it cannot be torn out. The volume is practically 

 devoted to a chatty account of the Society's various excursions during 

 1909, and is principally of botanical interest. The report is illustrated by 

 a number of borrowed blocks, which are not at all imsuitable. The list 

 of members is a very good one. 



The Proceedings of the Liverpool Botanical Society, Third and Fourth 

 Sessions (76 pp., 1/6), have recently been published. The volume con- 

 tains no definite botanical papers, but there are valuable and elaborate 

 reports of the proceedings at the Society's meetings, and the Hon. Secre- 

 tary (Mr. A. A. Dallman) writes a lengthy resume of the field meetings for 

 1908-9, the two years covered by the report. There are also some useful 

 ' lists of plants observed at the field meetings,' reports of the South Lan- 

 cashire Flora Committee, etc. The volume shews that in Liverpool the 

 botanists are carrying out the wishes of the President of Section K, ex- 

 pressed at the recent meeting of the British Association, with regard to 

 investigating the distribution, etc., of plants. There is an obituary notice 

 (with photo) of the late J.J. Ogle ; and an excellent portrait of Mr. J. A. 

 Wheldon, the President for 1909, appears as frontispiece. The Liverpool 

 Society is fortunate in having no fewer than two hundred members. 

 There is nothing to shew whether any previous parts of the Proceedings 

 have been published. It would be an advantage if they were numbered, 

 especially as the pagination begins afresh in each part. 



Naturalist,, 



