Notes on the Flora of Eskdale and Wasdale. 383 
associated with the variety Peseanit Lloyd, found on Walney 
Isle, if not new to Cumberland, at least unrecorded for the 
South-West Division. 
At Wasdale Head in pools difficult of access, owing to 
immediate bog, and their depth, if I am not very much mis- 
taken occurs Ceratophyllum aquaticum (the hornwort), another 
addition to the County Flora, though needing further con- 
firmation to place the variety on record. For this, good 
fruit is required. 
The upper portion of the Esk from Yeastyrigg Crags under 
Bowfell, to Boot village, is for the most part very wild, native 
scrub abounds of oak, mountain ash, holly, Prunus Padus, 
birch, and hazel, which diminish in quantity as the valley 
becomes narrower. The undermentioned plants were observed 
in the upper portion of the river area, either in the valley 
itself, or in its immediate neighbourhood :—. 
Hypericum Androsemum, Geranium sylvaticum, Cytisus, 
Corydalis, Sedum anglicum, Sanicula, Myrrhis, Carlina, Jasione, 
Anagallis tenella, Empetrum, Juniperus, Rhynchospora alba, 
Polypodium Phegopteris, and the four less rare Lycopodiums. 
The comparative dryness of the stony slopes may explain the 
absence of Polypodium Dryopteris. I also noticed ff ymeno- 
phyllum unilaterale only in one place, Dale Garth Force, where 
it was abundant. Myrica Gale, one of the most characteristic 
of the Bogland species, was to be found. extending from 1,500 
feet almost to sea level. Osmunda, where some protection 
is afforded it, grows to a large size, but in the open country it 
is becoming very rare; the time is past when the Eskdale 
farmers used it to protect their potato carts on the way to 
Whitehaven market. 
As we descend the Dale the flora changes, and a few 
plants occur wh’ch are absent h’gher up. Stellaria nemorum, 
in the boggy woods, Potentilla procumbens on dry banks at 
Eskdale Green, and where Muncaster and Irton Parks border 
the lanes, Spiraea salicifolia and Berberis are established in 
hedges. The luxuriant growths of the planted trees near 
Santon Bridge and the foot of Wastwater, add greatly to the 
grand scenery, and the profusion of Fvica cinerea and Ulex 
Galli, a mass of purple and gold over the red granite rocks as 
a foreground, with the peaks and crags around the shores of 
the lake, especially at sunset, must be seen to be fully appreci- 
ated. Lysimachia Nummulania, Lepidium Smithu and Sedum 
Fabaria grow in the vicinity, while lower down and nearer the 
sea, Galium mollugo was found, a rather unusual occurrence, 
off limestone. Geranium sanguineum, and Convolvulus Soldan- 
ella were noticed near Seascale, and Bidens tripartita in the 
ditches near the shore at Drigg. On the north-west shores of 
Wastwater many sub-alpine aquatics are to be found, while 
1915 Dec. 1. 
