1867.] MR. W. H. FLOWER ON HYOMOSCHUS AaUATICTJS. 957 



the great antero-posterior breadth of the base of the arytenoid car- 

 tilages and their distance apart, the vocal cords are placed nearly 

 vertically in the sides of the larynx, and thrown unusually far from 

 its posterior wall, so that when they are brought into contact a cylin- 

 drical tubular air-passage remains open behind them, but the com- 

 munication between that passage and the thyroid pouch is shut oiF, 

 These cords are exactly ^ inch in length, and tolerably prominent. 



There are no lateral membranous pouches or sacs connected with 

 the larynx. 



Knowing little of the habits of the animal during life, I am un- 

 able to throw any light upon the mode in which this singular modi- 

 fication of the vocal organ is related to its economy. 



Each lung consists of a single lobe, of general triangular form, 

 with a flattened tongue-shaped projection arching forwards from the 

 apex. This projecting lobule is much larger on the right side than on 

 the left, and has a distinct bronchial branch from the trachea, given 

 off ^ inch above the bifurcation, wanting on the left side. The 

 right lung has, moreover, a small accessory lobule projecting for- 

 wards from the internal border just below the root of the lung. 



The lungs thus conform in the general principle of their construc- 

 tion with those of Tragulus javanicus ; but in the latter they are 

 rather more subdivided by notches, and the upper and lower ac- 

 cessory lobules of the right lung are relatively larger and more 

 distinct. 



The heart presents nothing unusual : the great vessels arise from 

 the arch of the aorta as in Tragulus : viz., the first, nearly | inch 

 long, gives off the right subclavian, and then divides into the right 

 and left common carotid ; the second branch, arising close to the 

 last, is the left subclavian. 



The stomach (fig. 2, p. 958) consists of three principal compart- 

 ments, as in Tragulus. The oesophagus {a) opens directly into the 

 middle compartment or reticulum (c), which is a pyriform or egg- 

 shaped sac, with the small, obtusely pointed end turned forwards and 

 to right. When moderately distended it is 4 inches long and 2| inches 

 wide at the base. The honeycomb-like reticulations are distinctly 

 seen all over this compartment, from the exterior, as faint white 

 lines forming hexagons, very much larger at the pointed free end 

 than near the base. The broad end or base is directly continuous 

 with the rumen (6), being only marked off from it by a slight con- 

 striction. The last-named cavity is a long caecal pouch, having a 

 sigmoid flexure, and being partially divided, by constrictions at the 

 concavities of the bends, into three compartments. Its greatest 

 length (in this folded state) is 9 inches. ^ inch to the right of the 

 entrance of the oesophagus the true digestive stomach or abomasus 

 (e) commences by a very constricted tube not more than \ inch in 

 diameter. This speedily dilates into an elongated tubular sac, largest 

 near its proximal end, and gradually narrowing towards the pylorus. 

 In its natural state this stomach is sharply curved upon itself, and 

 puckered at its upper border or lesser curvature ; but when the 

 membranes are detached this curvature and all the foldings disappear. 



