920 EEroET— 1888. 



East of the artificial works the shore, as before described, and as may be seen by 

 referring to Captain Baillie's survey, recedes suddenly and the crest rises, as in other 

 similar situations, being higher than any accumulation at the Redoubt, as at Sandown 

 and elsewhere. East of No. 1 groyne there are 10 naked piles, the remains, apparently, 

 of an old groyne, exposed by the withdrawal of beach caused by the late easterly gales. 



No. 1 groyne is lower than those to the west. It points in a S.S.E. direction, and 

 Is well backed up with beach, extending to within a few yards of the end of it. 



No. 2 groyne is constructed with an offset, or kant. The landward length bears 

 S. 7° E., and the seaward length S. 5° E. The inclination of this groyne is good, and 

 it has a compact mass of shingle well up to it within 18 inches of the top, extending 

 about 30 feet beyond the kant. Eastward the shingle recedes, and is only just beyond 

 the kant. 



No. 3 is an old dilapidated groyne running transversely across the bay between 

 the two kanted groynes (Nos. 2 and 4) in a direction S.S.E., 2^^° S. The shore between 

 this and the new groyne (No. 4) was (5 to 7 feet below the latter, which is also con- 

 structed with an inclined offset or kant like No. 2, the land length bearing S. S° E., 

 and the sea length S. 9° E. The effect of this gro3me has been to form a local accu- 

 mulation of shingle, heaped up from 4 feet to 6 feet higher than to leeward, but 

 quickly declining to the westward, as before described, running over the S.E. 

 angle of the bulwark, whilst the return of the latter was 5 feet above the shore to 

 leeward, the margin of the shingle extending to within 30 feet of the kant. 



To the eastward of No. 6 groyne the shingle was 5 feet below the bulwark, 

 whilst in the same bay in so short a distance it was running over the top of it at 

 the east side. This groyne bears S.S.E. li° S., and had a tolerable 'full' against 

 it 3 feet higher to windward than leeward, but decreasing very much in breadth sea- 

 ward, the bay east of it being low and bare, composed of fine shingle and sand ; the 

 beach in this bay, the widest of all, immediately west of the breach narrows and 

 draws in suddenly with a curve, due to the projection of the breakwater. There are 

 the remains of two old groynes west of No. 5, which I have not numbered, the piles 

 of which arc subsequently found running up through the breached work of the 

 breakwater. The stumps of three ancient groynes may also be seen on the foreshore 

 towards low water about the centre of this bay, and similar remains may be traced 

 at top through the beach near the breakwater, standing evidence of the encroachment 

 of the sea. 



No. 6 groyne is much decayed. It bears S.S.E. 2^° S. There is a fair amount of 

 shingle against it, but not extending far out seaward. No. 7, which is in better 

 order, extends in a S.S.E. direction, and had beach apparently increasing during my 

 visit about 2 feet higher to windward than leeward. 



No. 8 groyne was much ruined ; also in a S.S.E. direction. The beach was evi- 

 dently gathering here again on the morning of the 4th inst., as the west timber 

 revetment and west end of breakwater were then only from 18 inches to 4 feet above 

 the shore, and there was a good supply of shingle in the west bay, and it appeared to 

 be again growing up west of the west grojnie No. 9, which bears S.S.E. 2|° S., but 

 which is much out of order, particularl}- at the end. 



The effect of these groynes is, as elsewhere, to cause an accumulation of shingle 

 to windward, as regards the prevailing wind, with a corresponding depression lee- 

 ward, the shingle sloping down to the west. This is shown in a remarkable degree 

 at the new groyne No. 4, on a line with the east margin of the breakwater, where 

 the beach was 7 feet higher, during my visit, to windward than to leeward ; and the 

 two north-east groynes beyond this are much lower than the new groyne. 



It would be well to keep np the existing groynes at the landward ends near the 

 breastwork, where they, no doubt, promote a retention of the shingle, but I am not 

 inclined to recommend a great expenditure in extending this system. The site 

 jxjinted out by Captain Baillie is, no doubt, a good one, if a new groyne be erected ; 

 but in that event a length equal to one half that of the new north groyne would, I 

 think, be sufficient. The effect, when the continuity of the natural mole of shingle 

 is destroyed by its own recession and the consequent protrusion of a work of this 

 kind, is that no more than the lower ' full ' can be retained, and the beach travels 

 onwards and landward, irrespective of the groynes. 



A pier erected northward and eastward of these defences might arrest a large 

 quantity of beach, but would be nearly as costly as maintaining the breakwater, and 

 the works to leeward towards Langley Point might suffer correspondingly. With the 

 problematical results that may be anticipated from any extension of the system of 

 groyning, I am disposed to recommend the maintenance of the breakwater. 



