932 



REPORT — 1888. 



1861 the inference might have been drawn that it was at a much greater depth, 

 so that the result of these last borings may be looked on as highly satisfactory, 

 and showing the necessity that existed for their being undertaken. 



I estimate the cost for defending the entire frontage with stone slopes, &;c., as 

 herein proposed, at 30,000Z. ; to put in extra and deeper work at the foot of the stone 

 slope for 400 yards in length in front of the battery will cost 15,000Z. in addition, 

 making 45,000^. total outlay. 



I had (for the battery frontage) considered the mode and probable cost of putting 

 in a retaining wall on piles with sheet piling next the sea down to the blue clay, and 

 also a concrete wall got in by means of caissons of iron down to the clay also ; but 

 the great depth of the latter and the large cost induce me to recommend the plan 

 shown upon the accompanying drawing, viz., an increased weight of concrete put in 

 in boxes of sheet piling, the front row driven down to the layer of gravel at the north 

 end and to the surface of the clay at and towards the south end : this will involve 

 sheet piling next the sea 25 feet in length for about one-third the frontage 

 and 36 feet for the rest ; the back row may be 10 feet shorter ; the areas must 

 be subdivided (in progress) by cross rows of piled planking and the concrete got in 

 through the water after the excavation is dredged out. 



I have the honour to be. Sir, 

 Your obedient Servant, 



(Signed) J. B. REDMAN. 



G. Copy of Questions. 



N.B. — Anmvers to these qvestions rvill in most cases be rendered more precise 

 and valuable by sketches illustrating the points referred to. 



2. 



4. 

 5. 



What part of the English or Welsh 



Coast do you know well 1 

 What is the nature of that coast 1 



a. If cliffy, of what are the cliffs 



composed 1 



b. What are the heights of the 



cliff above H.W.M. ? 

 Greatest ; average ; least. 

 What is the direction of the coast- 

 line ? 

 What is the prevailing wind ? 

 What wind is the most important — 

 a. In raising high waves 1 

 to. In piling up shingle ? 



c. In the travelling of shingle ? 

 What is the set of the tidal currents ? 

 What is the range of tide ? 



(1) Vertical in feet. (2) Width in 

 yards between high and low 

 water, 

 (a) At spring tid e ; (b) at neap tide. 

 Does the area covered by the tide 

 consist of bare rock, shingle, sand, 

 or mud ? 

 If of shingle, state — 



a. Its mean and greatest breadth. 



b. Its distribution with respect to 



tide-mark. 



c. The direction in which it travels. 



d. The greatest size of the pebbles. 



e. Whether the shingle forms one 



continuous slope, or whether 

 there is a ' spring full ' and 

 ' neap full.' If the latter, state 

 their heights above the respec- 

 tive tide-marks. 



10. Is the shingle accumulating or dimi- 



nishing, and at what rate ? 



11. If diminishing, is this due partly 



or entirely to artificial abstraction? 

 {See No. 13.) 



12. If groynes are employed to arrest 



the travel of the shingle, state — 



a. Their direction with respect to 



the shore-line at that point. 



b. Their length. 



c. Their distance apart. 



d. Their height — 



(1) When built. 



(2) To leeward above the 

 shingle. 



(3) To windward above the 

 shingle. 



e. The material of which they are 



built. 



f. The inlluence which they exert. 



13. If shingle, sand, or rock is being 



artificially removed, state — 



a. From what part of the foreshore 



(with respect to the tidal range) 

 the material is mainly taken. 



b. For what purpose. 



c. By whom — Private individuals. 



Local authorities. Public com- 

 panies. 



d. Whether half -tide reefs had, 



before such removal, acted as 

 natural breakwaters. 



14. Is the coast being worn back by the 



sea ? If so, state — 



a. At what special points or dis- 

 tricts. 



