48 ’ THE AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 
novorum vegetabilium post creationem divinam extortu. It 
was accepted by some few of the leading botanists, for in- 
stance, by Elias Fries*; but while Alphonse De Candolle once 
adopted and strenuously maintained Schouw’s hypothesis,’ he 
has in effect discarded it in his “Géographie botanique”’ 
(1855). 
Since then very little has been written about this subject, 
at least from the viewpoint of Schouw; there is, however, an 
interesting paper by K. Mueller: ‘‘Uber das relative Alter der ~ 
Alpenflor,’* in which the probability of several centers of 
creation is amply discussed in favor of Schouw’s hypothesis. 
Indiréctly, on the other hand, the question was brought up 
again by Kerner,’ who demonstrates the possibility of hybrids 
¢eiving rise to new species, when conditions are favorable. 
And we learn from another publication by this same author," 
that Asyngamy i. e. Asynchronogamy may result in the forma- 
tion of new species by means of favoring hybridization, and 
by rendering formation of new races possible. 
Then with respect to seasonal dimorphism, we have in the 
works of Wettstein, Sterneck and Murbeck, cited above, an 
excellent illustration of the origin of certain species through 
factors, that may undoubtedly have exercised the same influ- 
ence during epochs previous to the recent, and not being con- 
fined to a single area, but effective wherever the conditions 
are favorable. 
CLINTON, Mp., NOVEMBER, 1921. 
5 Tiibingen 1749. 
6 Den Linnéanska Botanikens forhallande till den nuvarande (Botaniska Utflygter 
Vol. 3. p. 114 Stockholm 1864). 
7 Fragment d’un discours sur la géographie botanique. Bibl. univ. 1834. 
8 Botan. Zeitg. Vol. 16. No. 43. p. 321. 1858. 
9 Konnen aus Bastarten Arten werden? (Oesterr. Botan. Zeitschr. Vol. 21. No. 8. 
a ye aus Bastartem Arten werden? (Oesterr. Botan. Zeitschr. Vol. 21. No. 8. 
10 Uber die Bedeutung der Asyngamie fiir die Entstehung neuer Arten. (Bericht, 
naturwiss. Vereins Innsbruck 1874.) 
