THE BIRDS OF FLOYD COUNTY, IOWA. 243 
to April 12 (1917). May 6, 1918, I saw 3 individuals near 
Brackett’s Woods, north of Charles City. 
158. Pipilio . erythropthalmus erythropthalmus  (Linn.) 
Towhee. The Towhee is a very uncommon or rare summer 
resident in Floyd, and apparently in adjoining counties. The 
first record available was made at Osage, in Mitchell County, 
April 16, 1914, by Mrs. F. May Tuttle. They were reported 
at Charles City in 1915 and 1916. Howard Clarke Brown 
recorded the species at the “Cemetery Bayou” bridge, in 
Charles City, on May 12, 1917, his first record. I saw a single 
individual near Willow Pond on June 17, 1918, my only 
record. ; 
159. Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis (Linn.) Cardinal. 
The history of the Cardinal in Floyd County had been given 
in some detail by Brown in the Wilson Bulletin [No. 113; 
pp. 123-132.) The first authentic report of the Cardinal in 
Floyd County was turned in by Harold Frederickson, of 
Charles City, who saw a male in Wildwood Park on April 3, 
1916. In late June of 1917 a report came from the south 
part of Charles City, and on July 4 I’ saw my first Cardinal 
in Wildwood Park. Since that time the species has been seen 
with increasing frequency in the neighborhood of Charles City. 
On January 3, 1920, Clement L. Webster found a pair of 
Cardinals in his orchard, in the southeast part of Charles City, 
and several people watched these same birds. 
In Mitchell County the Cardinal appeared in 1918, and 
was seen by Mrs. F. May Tuttle, at Osage, on March 20,1919, 
and there are authentic records, supplied to Mrs. Tuttle, for 
January 4, 1919. It is a rather remarkable fact, to which Mr. 
Brown calls special attention, that, while the Cardinal was 
evidently extending its range by following the Cedar River, 
it appeared in greater numbers at Osage than at Charles 
City. The species is still to be classed as ‘rare’ on Floyd 
County lists, but it is doubtful if it will long remain so. 
160. Zamelodia ludoviciana (Linn.) Rose-breasted Gros- 
beak. A common summer resident, arriving from April 15 
to May 12. Eggs are laid in early June, and departure takes 
place in the latter’ part of September. 
161. Passerina cyanea (Linn.) Indigo Bunting. A rather 
