NO. 12 THE WINELAND VOYAGES SWANTON ^^ 



and at Newburyport 7.8 feet, and the lowest tide to be expected in 

 either place is 3.5 feet. [P. 225.] 



The above discussion shows that modern topography gives better 

 warrant for locating Hop at the mouth of the Merrimack than in 

 Mount Hope Bay with its two deep entrances and four rivers, or 

 the shallow Back Bay. Nevertheless, I do not present the Merrimack 

 as the site of Hop and the center of Wineland. The entrance seems to 

 be too deep and the lakelike expansion too shallow, nor have I allowed 

 for changes in the coast line due to the sinking of the land, changes 

 produced by ocean currents, and so on. It is merely the best pros- 

 pect that came out from an examination of coast charts. Further 

 investigation might make the case for it stronger or weaker. For the 

 present I would merely remark that it is as good as any other theory 

 involving the New England coast. 



A different region entirely was, however, suggested by Gustav 

 Storm many years ago. This was Nova Scotia and, although the outer 

 coasts of Nova Scotia do not have harbors suggestive of Hop, that is 

 not the case with those in Northumberland Strait. Indeed, the 

 southern shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the provinces of 

 Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and the north shore of Prince 

 Edward Island present features similar to those of southern New 

 England and those indicated as surroundings of Hop. 



On the northern coast of Prince Edward Island there are two 

 principal entrances to consider, Malpeque Bay and Cascumpeque Bay, 

 the former with 12 feet over the bar and 5-7 fathoms inside ; the latter 

 with 5 feet over the bar and 10 feet in Cascumpeque Harbor (U. S. 

 Hydrographic Office, St. Lawrence Pilot, 1924, pp. 179 seq., and 

 183). The streams flowing into these, however, are hardly of the 

 size called for, the mountains are wanting, and it is unlikely that 

 navigators sailing south along the New Brunswick coast would have 

 shifted their course to Prince Edward Island without mentioning the 

 fact. 



On the mainland from east to west we find the following inlets 

 with their soundings as given in the St. Lawrence Pilot (pp. 83-128, 

 187-198) : 



Merigomish Harbor, N. S., 14 feet over the bar but with an intricate channel. 



Pictou River, N. S., 19 feet over the bar at low water ; inside 5-7 fathoms. 



Pugwash Road, N. S., 6 feet over Lewis Bar; "Pugwash River, immediately 

 within the harbor, extends into a small lake, \\ miles long and i mile broad, 

 with 2\ to 6 fathoms at low water." 



Cocagne Harbor, N. B., 10 feet over the bar; 2\ to 4 fathoms inside. 



