ON TEACUING CHEMISTIIY. 267 



authority ' (county or borough council or urban sanitary authority) shall 

 liave power to contribute money to all schools and institutions not con- 

 ducted for private profit in aid of all the sciences and arts relating to 

 industries and also in aid of manual instruction. The money is to be 

 raised by a local rate not exceeding one penny in the pound in one year. 

 The range of subjects of study and the relative aiding of different 

 schools is to be regulated by the Science and Art Department. The 

 effect of the Act will not be felt in the truly elementary schools, but it 

 will greatly encourage the teaching of chemistry and other sciences to 

 children who have passed the Standards. 



From those who are engaged or interested in the teaching of physical 

 science the Committee will be glad to receive any information which is 

 likely to be of service in showing how their suggestions may best be 

 carried into effect.' 



The Committee ask to be reappointed. 



Third Report of the Committee, consisting of Professors Tilden 

 and W. Chandler Roberts-Austen and Mr. T. Turner (Secre- 

 tary), appointed for the purpose of investigating the infla- 

 ence of Silicon on the properties of Steel. 



The Committee, having asked Mr. R. A. Hadfield to assist them in this 

 investigation, beg leave to present the result of a series of experiments 

 kindly undertaken by him. 



Alloys of Iron and Silicon.^ By R. A. Hadfield. 



The alloying of elements other than carbon with iron is a compara- 

 tively new field, and possesses special interest, not only to those concerned 

 and engaged in the treatment of metals, but also to those who study the 

 physical properties of substances. As the nature of alloys of carbon and 

 iron is fairly well understood, it is hardly necessary to consider them 

 here, and in order to narrow down the considerations dealt with in this 

 paper to a practicable limit, attention will be confined solely to alloys 

 or mixtures of which metallic iron and silicon form the principal con- 

 stituents. 



An investigation of the properties of manganese steel, i.e., an alloy of 

 iron and manganese, was placed before the Institution of Civil Engineers 

 and Iron and Steel Institute by the author some twelve months ago, and 

 its physical properties have been fairly well determined as compared with 

 alloys of iron with other elements. This was the more practicable owing to 

 the fact that the manufacture of ' cast-iron ' alloys of manganese — that is, 

 ferro-manganese — has been for some time past in a very advanced state. 

 In other words, by the cheap production of the alloys known as rich 

 ferro-manganese — a material containing 80 per cent, of ferro-manganese, 

 5 per cent, to 7 per cent, of carbon, and the rest iron, has enabled experi- 

 ments to be readily carried out by further alloying such rich manganese 

 products with pure iron. 



' It is requested that these communications be addressed to Professor Dunstan, 

 17 Bloomsbury Square, London. 



" Abstract of a Paper presented to the Iron and Steel Institute. 



