430 



REPORT 1889. 



or, according to Topinard, brachyfacial group. Analysing the individual 

 measurements, five of the males are lepto- or dolichoprosopic, and five are 

 iDrachyprosopic ; while eight of the females are dolichoprosopic and thirteen 

 brachyprosopic. The facial index of the males at the 50th grade is 86, at 

 the 25th grade 81 '6, and at the 75th 91'5, the probable deviation being 

 5 ; the facial index of the female at the 50th grade is 88"4, at the 25th 

 grade 84'4, and at the 75th 91*8, the probable deviation being 3'7. As 

 far as the observations show, there does not seem to be any relation 

 between the shape of the cranium and the shape of the face. 



The Nose. 



The nasal index shows a considerable range of variation in both sexes. 

 As the grouping of this index on the living does not seem to be satisfac- 

 torily arranged, no attempt will be made in the present instance to classify 

 the results. It may be stated generally, however, that only one male and 

 three females fall within the mesorhine group of Topinard, which has 

 for its upper limits an index of 81"4 and its lower limits 69. All the 

 remaining nasal indices showed the people measured to be in a greater or 

 less degree leptorhine. 



Breathing Capacity. 



The breathing capacity was estimated by means of a Hutchinson spiro- 

 meter, graduated to cubic inches. In the males it varies from about 120 to 

 310 cubic inches ; the mid-breathing capacity is 217cubic inches, at the 25th 

 grade it is about 164 cubic inches, and at the 75th grade 248 cubic inches ; 

 the probable deviation is 42 cubic indies. In the females the vital ca^Dacity 

 of the lungs varied from 70 to 200 cubic inches, the mid-breathing 

 capacity being about 132 cubic inches, at the 25th grade it is 113 cubic 

 inches, and at the 75th grade 161, giving a probable deviation of 19 cubic 

 inches. But these comparisons between male and female breathing and 

 general statement of range of variation require to be further analysed 

 in order to obtain from the statistics an idea of the respiratory capabilities 

 of the persons measured, as it is well known that the breathing capacity is 

 influenced by age, stature, and the circumference of th6 chest. In the 

 subjoined tables the statistics of breathing capacity have been arranged 

 according to stature and age. From these it will be seen that the greatest 

 difference between the respiratory powers of the two sexes is between 20 

 and 40 years of age. 



