162 University of California Publications in Zoology  [Vow. 23 
Lithodes couesi Benedict 
Plate 28; plate 29, figures 3, 4, and 5 
Lithodes couesi Benedict, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., 17, 481, 1894. 
Original Description.—This species reminds one of LZ. maia [L.]. The largest 
spines of the carapace are arranged about the margin; they are slender and sharp. 
The longest are situated at the outer orbital angles, the antennal angles, the hepatic 
regions, and three on the margin of the branchial regions. The spines on the 
intervening spaces of the margin are more numerous and much smaller. The 
surface of the carapace is set with short, sharp, conical spines. The gastric region 
is swollen and well defined. The cardiac region is barely indicated between the 
confluent branchial regions. The depression between the gastric and cardiac 
regions is very deep. The rostrum is 20 mm. long, and made up as in L. maia, 
but the terminal portion beyond the distal lateral branches is slender and bifid 
rather than bifureate, as in L. maia; the basal branches are a little farther for- 
ward. The scale is rudimentary; the spine at the outer angle is branched at the 
base, the branch consisting of a single short, sharp spine on the outer surface. 
The abdomen is without spines; the spines of L. maia are replaced by tubercles; 
those of the first segment are very much closer together than the corresponding 
spines in L. maia. The tubercles on the lower margin of the second segment are 
low, and somewhat oblong at base; those in the center of segment are larger. 
The chelipeds are slender and weak. The armature of the fingers of the right 
hand is slight; the fingers gape. The fingers of the left hand are long and slender 
and gape at base. The spines of the chelipeds and ambulatory legs are numerous 
and arranged about as in L. maia, but are shorter (Benedict). 
Dimensions.—Type, male: length of carapace and rostrum 105 mm.; width of 
carapace 81 mm. 
Type Locality—North of Unalaska; 399 fathoms (‘‘ Albatross’’ station 3329, 
1 male). 
Distribution.—Bering Sea to off San Diego; 301 to 530 fathoms. 
Kemarks.—F rom the Shumagin Banks, Alaska (‘‘Albatross’’ station 3338), 
Benedict records three young specimens which he refers to this species ‘‘ without 
hesitation.’’ Regarding them he says: ‘‘The rostrum differs in being bifurcate 
as in L. maia. It is possible that additional specimens of the adult might show 
the rostrum to be bifurcate rather than bifid.’’ This does not prove to be the 
case, however, for two adult males from off San Diego (‘‘Albatross’’ stations 
4400 and 4333) have the characteristic rostrum of the type. Two other young 
specimens were also taken off San Diego in 500 to 530 fathoms (‘‘Albatross’’ ° 
station 4335). ; 
Family GALATHEIDAE 
Body shrimp-like. Abdomen bent upon itself but not folded up against the 
thorax; tail-fan well developed, adapted for swimming. First legs chelate, greatly 
elongated, slender. Antennal peduncle four-jointed owing to fusion of true second 
and third joints; flagellum long. 
KEY TO THE CALIFORNIA GENERA OF THE GALATHEIDAE 
I. Latero-inferior regions of carapace greatly swollen so that epimeral structures, 
sides of carapace, are visible in dorsal view. Rostrum long and slender, 
with a supraorbital tooth on either side of the base. Abdomen dorsally 
unarmed. (From ninety miles southwest of San Francisco southward.) 
Pleuroncodes, p. 163. 
