1916] Siir^ij: KiiictcDniclnis of Flagellates 225 



In its simpler form as found in Devescovina striata the parabasal 

 apparatus is comparable to the "kinetonucleus" of Prowazekia and 

 Polymastix hufonis. Here it consists of a long, narrow band or tube, 

 connected with the blepharoplast at the anterior end by a delicate 

 fibril, and passing backward around the nucleus, coiling about the 

 axostyle with from two to eight spiral turns. At the time of division 

 of the cell this body also divides. 



In Para joe Ilia grassii the parabasal body consists of two distinct 

 but similar parts, a condition which is associated with two lines of 

 over twenty flagella each. These bodies have a more or less curved 

 or horseshoe shape, lying in the immediate neighborhood of the 

 nucleus, and are each connected with the blepharoplast by a slender 

 fibril or rhizoplast. These structures divide in the formation of the 

 new daughter cells as in Devescovina. In Calonympha grassii each 

 group of flagella springs from its own blepharoplast, each of which is 

 related to a single, small, rounded parabasal body, situated in the 

 neighborhood of the nucleus. 



A further complication is found in Stcphanonympha silvestrii, 

 with its several rows of nuclei, blepharoplasts, each associated with 

 its parabasal body, and groups of several flagella. The blepharoplast 

 and single parabasal body is connected by a slender rhizoplast. At 

 the time of division the old structure is retained by one daughter cell 

 and the other daughter cell is provided with one by a new outgrowth 

 from the blepharoplast, as in the ease of Trichomonas. 



In Lophomonas blattarum the complexity of the parabasal ap- 

 paratus is also related to a great development of flagella. The indi- 

 vidual fibrils which in the other forms serve to connect the blepharo- 

 plast with its related organelle are here merged into a protoplasmic 

 collar, or calyx, which serves to connect the different parts of the 

 kinetic apparatus (Janicki, 1911). Its behavior during division is 

 unlike that of the structures in the preceding species, as it appears to 

 degenerate and to be formed anew in each daughter cell. 



The possibility has been suggested by Janicki (1915) of placing 

 the parabasal bodies of these flagellates, and especially the structure 

 in Devescovina, in the same category as mitochondria. Only scant in- 

 formation exists at the present time on the subject of mitochrondria in 

 the Protozoa. The recent \vork of Lewis and Lewis (1915) on mito- 

 chrondria in the cells of chick tissues would seem to point to the fact 

 that in the metazoan cells these structures are probably connected 

 with the metabolic activity of the cell, and vary in size and quantity 



