UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS 



ZOOLOGY 



Vol. 16, No. 17, pp. 293-348, plates 24-26 



June 23, 1916 



DISTRIBUTION OF THE LAND VERTEBRATES 



OF SOUTHEASTERN WASHINGTON . -r.L^ , 



LEE RAYMOND DICE fc ^i / 



\^ 



CONTENTS "NT'V 



Introduction 293 



Topography 294 



Geological history 296 



Methods of study employed 296 



Faunas and associations of the region 298 



Cohimbia Basin sagebrush faunal area and fauna .._ ">00 



Columbia Basin prairie faunal area and fauna 305 



Blue Mountain faunal area and fauna 314 



Climate 322 



Influence of artificial conditions 326 



Comparison with other schemes of ecological distribution 327 



Zoogeographical position of southeastern Washington 329 



Life-zones of southeastern Washington 331 



Comparison of the different systems of considering distribution 332 



The zoogeographical system 332 



The life-zone system - 333 



The ecological method 339 



Summary ; 340 



Literature cited 341 



INTRODUCTION 



In tlie following paper the local and geographical distribution of 

 the land vertebrates of Walla Walla and Columbia counties, south- 

 eastern Washington, is considered. The region selected is of consider- 

 able geographical extent. It is especially adapted to the present study 

 because it possesses a wide range of climatic conditions, giving a 

 variety of habitats. In the presentation of the facts the endeavor is 

 made to show how the consideration of local distribution may be com- 

 bined with the consideration of geographical distribution. 



