476 University of California Publications in Zoology [Vol.16 



organ. The opinion of Caullery (1895) and Pizon (1905) i.s that the 

 double larva is due to precocious budding; and this view seems 

 unescapable from our observations. Pizon (1905) has so fully de- 

 scribed all stages in the budding of Diplosoma listeri, from which the 

 course of things in our species vari&s but little, that the barest outline 

 is all we have thought necessary to give. 



Various stages of bud development in the colony were observed 

 in this species. Examining plate 45, figure 66, one sees that the new 

 intestine (b.i.) arises from two sources. The new esophagus comes 

 from the mother esophagus and the new rectum is joined to the 

 mother rectum. According to Pizon, who watched growing colonies 

 in all stages of development, a bud from the mother esophagus pro- 

 duces a new esophagus, stomach, and intestine, and these curl around 

 to meet and join a little rectal bud from the mother rectum. The 

 budded branchial sac and rectum (b.b.) likewise arise from two 

 sources. The budded esophagus is joined to the mother esophagus 

 and the new rectum is joined to the mother rectum. According to 

 Pizon, the branchial sac is formed from the epicardium and its accom- 

 panying rectum grows from a bud on the mother rectum up into place 

 alongside the new sac. Plate 45, figure 67 shows at d. i. the degenerat- 

 ing piece of intestine the disappearance of which severs the intestine 

 of the budded zooid (6.6.) from the intestine of the mother zooid 

 {m.s.). After the break there are two zooids in one of which the 

 original mother branchial sac {m.s.) has the newly budded intestinal 

 loop and the newly budded branchial sac ib.b.) has the old original 

 intestinal loop [m.i.). 



Diplosomoides cauUeryi, n. sp. 



PI. 40, fig. 21 



Superficial characteristics of the colony. — Thin, encrusting, and 

 comparatively firm ; thickness about 2 mm. ; expanse several centi- 

 meters. Color of preserved specimens dark gray sprinkled with white 

 calcareous spicules. Zooids numerous, each branchial orifice 6-lobed, 

 light colored, circular. Common atrial orifices few, large, rounded or 

 elongated, flush with surface; test immediately around them free 

 from spicules. Spicules fairly numerous and evenly scattered in 

 surface of test. Little te.st immediately around branchial sacs, this 

 stratum of colon.y being cavernous ; lower stratum, containing abdo- 

 mens of zooids and large eggs, more continuous and solid. Spicules 

 sparingly scattered throughout test between bounding layers; some- 

 what resembling the large round test cells to which they are about 

 equal in size. 



