286 The Mosses and Hepatics of Denbighshire. 



i. The Coal Measures. 



These are represented at Acrefair, Ruabon and Wrexham. 



The following mosses and hepatics are the most charac- 

 teristic species of the flora of this formation : — 



Shales. — Dry and barren — Catharinea undulata, Poly- 

 trichum piliferum, Dicranella heteromalla, Glyphomitrium poly- 

 phyllum, Rhacomitrium fascicular e, R. heterostichum, Ceratodon 

 purpureus, Alicularia scalaris, Pellia epiphylla, Diplophyllum 

 albicans, Scapania compacta. 



Clays. — Heavy and retentive of moisture — Catharinea 

 undulata, Dicranella varia, D. Schreberi, Fissidens taxifolius, 

 Tortula ambigua, Barbula cylindrica, Webera carnea, W. 

 albicans, Aneura pinguis, Blasia pusilla, Pellia epiphylla, 

 Chiloscyphus pallescens and Calypogeia irichomanis. 



Sandstone. — Dry and unproductive — Tortula muralis, 

 T. ruraliformis, Barbula sinuosa, Aulacomnium androgynum, 

 Brachythecium velutinum, Hypnum Patientice, Alicularia 

 scalaris and Cephalozia bicuspidata. 



The spoil banks from coal-pits are very barren, Ceratodon 

 purpureus, Webera nutans, Bryum capillare and B. argenteum 

 being met with here and there. 



2. Millstone Grit Formation. 

 This consists of a wide expanse of heathery moorland. 

 It generally occupies the highest ground and has therefore a 

 different flora — Sphagnum intermedium, S. cuspid at urn, S. 

 papillosum, Campylopus flexuosus, Dicranella heteromalla, 

 Rhacomitrium heterostichum, R. fasciculate, R. lanuginosum, 

 Webera annoiina, W. proligera, Hypnum cupressiforme, 

 Alicularia scalaris, Lophozia attenuata, L. Floerkii var. 

 Naumanniana, L. bicrenata, L. excisa and Diplophyllum 

 albicans. 



3. The Carboniferous Limestone 



of Minera and Eglwyseg Rocks. The strata all dip to the north- 

 east, the Carboniferous Limestone being the lowest member 

 of the formation. The moss flora on these rocks is rich, 

 especially in the damper spots — Seligeria pusilla, Ditrichum 

 flexicaide and var. densum, Tortula aloides, Trichostomum 

 crispulum and var. elatum, Barbula rubella var. ruberrima, 

 B. recurvifolia, Funaria calcarea, Philonotis calcarea, Orthotri- 

 chum cupubatum and var. nudum, Anomodon viticulosus, 

 Thuidium Philiberti, C amptothecium lutescens, Hypnum com- 

 mutatum, H. falcatum, H. molluscum, H. chrysophyllum, 

 Metz°eria pubescens, Pellia Fabbroniana, Lophozia turbinata, 

 Scapania aspera, Cololejeunea calcarea and Marchesinia Mackaii. 

 At the foot and to the east of the Carboniferous Limestone 

 which appears between the above moorland formed by the 



Naturalist, 



