130"] Bitter. — California Coast Ascidians. 41 



Psammaplidium spauldingi, n. sp. 



PI. 3, fig. 39. 



General Cliaraetcrs of the Colony. — Expanded, loosely adher- 

 ent by whole under surface, top smooth but undulating-, hard 

 from great quantity of sand, which is iniiformly disseminated 

 through the whole test. Edge of the colony rolled up a little. 

 The small zooids numerous^ evenly distributed, no systems (?), 

 each branchial orifice marked on surface of colony by a small 

 papilla. Color uniform grey, due to the imbedded sand. 



The single colony taken, 6 cm. by 5 cm. in its greatest dimen- 

 sions and 1.8 cm. thick in thickest part, though considerably thin- 

 ner in most places. 



Zooicls. — Abundant, long-, slender and nearly straight, the 

 thorax but little thicker than the abdomen and long post-abdomen. 

 Thorax about 3 nun. long; abdomen, before contraction, probably 

 about 2 mm. ; post-abdomen variable, but several times as long as 

 thorax and abdomen combined. ]\Iantle containing a few slender 

 longitudinal muscle bands which extend far down into the post- 

 abdomen. 



Thorax. — Branchial orifice on prominent siphon, six-lobed, 

 atrial situated well back — a distance from the end of the bran- 

 chial siphon about equal to the thickness of the thorax. Atrial 

 orifice beset with a moderately long languet, this usually undi- 

 vided, but occasionally bifid at tip. The long cylindrical sac with 

 about eighteen series of short stigmata, muscle bands in inter- 

 stigmatic series well developed. Endostyle large and tortuous. 

 Branchial tentacles about ten. unequal in length, some of them 

 quite long. 



Digestive Apparatus. — Loop narrow, esophagus about equal- 

 ing; the stomach in length, and also about equal both in thickness 

 and length to the pyloric portion of the intestine. Stomach with 

 three or four large longitudinal folds or lobes. A distinctly set- 

 off enlarged section of the intestine following the pyloric portion. 

 Ascending rectal limb of the intestine straight, uniform in 

 diameter and pai-allel with the descending- limb. 



Gonads.— YsiV behind the intestinal loop in the post-abdomen, 



