118 Ecology of Woodland Plants near Huddersfield. 
which is emphasised in this paper. We summarise here the 
distinctive features :— 
Name of Association... | Meso-pteridetum Xero-pteridetum 
Character of plants ... | Mesophytic (little ad- | Xerophytic (adapted to 
apted to drought) drought) 
Soil... ... ... ... ... | Deep,moist,withhumus | Shallow; liable to dry- 
ness ; peaty humus. 
Distribution in time and 
SPACew. weiss eissene Complementary, | Competitive. 
( Scilla festalis Calluna Erica 
Characteristic species- Hlolcus mollis | Vaccinium Myrtillus. 
| Lamtum Galeobdolon | Deschampsia flexuosa. 
This exact definition of these two plant associations is a 
distinct step in the right direction. 
The next study is a comparison, by means of two maps, of 
the dominant woodland trees with the plants of the under- 
growth. The two maps are a disgrace to the Journal of the 
Linnean Society. They include sixty-six square miles to the 
south of Huddersfield, and we know that the author prepared 
them with great care on large-scale maps. In the publication 
they have been reduced to a single-page demy octavo, and are 
also badly printed. The symbols are almost illegible, and 
the features intended to be shown can only be made out 
with great difficulty. The wood map indicates where trees 
have been found buried in the peat, and one sees how much 
higher the old woodland area has been. The Huddersfield 
district is shown from these maps to consist of three zones : 
(1) Moss-moor on peat, with Cotton Grass dominant and Bil- 
berry, etc., on the more elevated and better-drained ridges ; 
(2) Millstone-Grit Plateau, an ericaceous zone, with Ling, Bil- 
berry, etc., on shallow peat; (3) Lower Coal Measure area, 
with deeper and moister soils, and a meso-pteridetum as the 
undergrowth of the woods. The names used are not quite 
aptly chosen. Geologically, the Millstone-Grit Plateau includes 
the Moss Moor, and in a vegetation study one would rather see 
terms used which indicate the nature of the vegetation. 
The influence of geological formations is shown by two 
maps (p. 364), from which it is evident that the xerophytes 
are present on the drier soils of the Millstone Grit, while the 
mesophytes frequent the moister soils of the Coal Measures. 
The second part .deals with the anatomical structure of 
woodland plants which grow sometimes under the shade of 
trees, sometimes on dry or moist soils in the open. The nature 
of the changes can, be seen from the figures which the Linnean 
Naturalist, 
