ON TEACHING CHEMISTRY. 271 
The Examination in Chemistry shall include— 
The principles in Chemistry, illustrated by the properties of hydrogen, chlorine, 
bromine, iodine, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, phosphorus, carbon, potassium, sodium, 
zine, iron, copper, silver, mercury, lead, chlorides, oxides, sulphides, ammonia, 
marsh gas, nitrates, sulphates, carbonates, and phosphates, together with electrolysis, 
and the thermal effects attending chemical action. 
The Examination in Physics shall include— 
(a) Heat. The experimental laws of heat in relation to expansion, vaporisation, 
and liquefaction; specific heat ; latent heat; radiant heat ; thermometry; calori- 
metry ; the production of heat. 
Optics. The phenomena, and laws of the transmission, reflection, and refraction 
of light ; the formation of images ; the action of simple lenses ; vision. 
(b) Electricity and Magnetism. The elementary principles of electrostatics, 
conductors, and insulators; the electrophorus; the electric current and simple form 
of cells; simple phenomena of magnetism ; the effect of a current on a magnetic 
needle ; Ohm’s law. 
No candidate shall offer both (a) and (0). 
There is no ‘ Practical Chemistry’ in this Examination. 
EXAMINATION FOR COMMERCIAL CERTIFICATES. 
[N.B.—This examination is adapted for candidates of about sixteen years of aye. 
The examination will be open to all persons, whether under instruction at a School 
of the highest grade or not. In the latter case the Certificates gained will be 
granted on the authority of the Oxford Delegacy alone. ] 
The Examination shall include the following subjects :— 
Group I. 
(1) Latin. (8) German, (5) Italian, 
(2) French. (4) Spanish. 
Group II. 
(1) Arithmetic. (2) Algebra. 
Group ITI, 
(1) English. (3) English History. 
(2) Geography. (4) Political Economy. 
Group IV. 
(1) Drawing. (4) Mechanics—including Hydrostatics 
(2) Inorganic Chemistry. and Pneumatics. 
(3) Organic Chemistry. (5) Electricity and Magnetism. 
(6) Sound, Light, and Heat. 
_ 6, In order to obtain a Commercial Certificate a candidate shall be required to 
satisfy the Examiners in— 
4 mt least one of the four languages:—French, German, Italian, and 
anish. 
r (6) Arithmetic and Algebra. 
(c) English and Geography. 
(d) One of the following subjects :—Latin, English History, Political Economy, 
or one of the subjects in Group IV. 
Great weight will be attached to good handwriting and spelling and to an 
orderly style. 
A candidate who produces a Certificate showing that he has obtained a First 
Class in the Elementary Stage, or a First or Second Class in the Advanced Stage, 
of the Examination held by the Science and Art Department, South Kensington, in 
any of the subjects in Group IV, will be considered to have satisfied the Examiners 
