288 REPORT—1 890. 
Second Stage or Advanced Examination. 
INSTRUCTIONS. 
Read the General Instructions at the head of the Elementary paper. 
You are only permitted to attempt eight questions. 
Whenever possible, you are to express the reactions in equations. 
You are to give such numerical details as will show the mode of calculation. 
Mg=24. Ca=40. K=389:1. S=32. O=16. H=1. Na=28. Cl=35. 
1. By what leading characters are the metals distinguished from the non- 
metals ? (10.) 
2, Explain what is meant by the atomic value or valency of an element, and 
arrange the following bodies according to their valency: iron, copper, platinum, 
phosphorus, lead, silicon, calcium, sodium, chlorine, zinc, bismuth, tin, sulphur, 
arsenic, and carbon. (12.) 
3. How many tons of oil of vitriol containing 70 per cent. H,SO, are needed 
to convert 100 tons of salt into salt-cake ? (12.) 
4. Calculate the vapour density of ammonium chloride. By experiment it is 
found to be 13°345. How do you explain the difference between the calculated 
and observed results? Can you give any experimental evidence in support of 
your explanation? Do you know of any other similar cases ? 15. 
5. How can youestimate accurately the amount of carbonic acid in atmospheric 
air? What causes tend (1) to augment and (2) to diminish its proportion in air? 
11. 
6. How could you distinguish a chlorate from a perchlorate; a phosphite from 
a, phosphate; a sulphite from a sulphate; an arsenite from an arsenate? —(12.) 
7. How. is hydrofluoric acid prepared? Explain its action upon quartz, glass, 
zinc, and sodium carbonate. (12. 
8. Calculate the formula of a body which has the following percentage 
composition :— 
Magnesium : Y : ° . 998 
Calcium . ; : : ; . 13:28 
Potassium - : ¢ : . 12:99 
Sulphuric acid (SO,) . : : . 63:77 
Water. : : c ; 5°98 
100-00 (15.) 
), Describe the method by which metallic lead_is obtained from galena. 
What compounds of lead and oxygen are known? How are they prepared from 
metallic lead ? ; 
10. What is aqua regia? What compounds are formed by its action upon 
gold and platinum ? (11.) 
Honours Examination. 
INSTRUCTIONS. 
Read the General Instructions at the head of the Elementary paper. 
You are only permitted to attempt six questions. 
Whenever possible, you are to express the reactions in equations. 
You are to give such numerical details as will show the mode of calculation. 
H=1. 0=15:96. K=39-03. Br=79:76. Ag=107-66. 
1. Illustrate the value of isomorphism as a means of chemical classifi- 
cation. (13.) 
2. An unknown quantity of potassium bromoaurate, AuBr,KBr, on being 
heated, left 9:92451 grams of a mixture of metallic gold and potassium bromide. 
The mass, on being treated with water, left 6°18997 grams of gold. The solution 
of KBr required 3:28540 grams of silver for total precipitation by Stas’s method, 
and afforded 5:89143 grams of silver bromide. These data affurd three inde- 
pendent values for the atomic weight of gold, which you are required to 
calculate. 
