400 REPORT— 1890. 
would no doubt result in a collapse of part of it. The lava flowed nearly 
down to the foot of the great cone. 
On the evening of July 12 the lava was still flowing, though hardly 
any activity was visible at the top of the cone, though sufficient to show 
that the fluid lava column had not sunk far from the summit. On the 
13th the outflow diminished as the activity at the summit rose fully to 
the 1st degree, and so remained till August 9. 
Drainage-works in Naples——Although frequent visits have been paid 
to the numerous new tunnels beneath the streets of the town, so far little 
of interest from a geological point of view has been brought to light. 
Funicular Railway of Monte Santo——The continuation of the railway 
below the bottom opening of the tunnel unfortunately has been only in 
surface soil, so that the complete relations of the pumice and dust-beds 
beneath the pipernoid tuff cannot be fixed in a downward direction. 
An opening near the entrance to the tunnel shows the following beds 
beneath the bottom of the white pumice underlying the grey pipernoid 
tuff. These are as follows, from above downwards :—Old vegetable soil, 
with a felspathic sand band a short distance beneath its surface. It 
passes down into compact buff dust with white pumice. Next comes 
another compacted dust-bed, passing down into white pumice, in all 
about 0°50m. This is followed by about 1:20 m. of beds, or rather bands, 
of varicoloured pumice, with intervening dust-beds. The lowest visible 
member is about 1m. of small white pumice. These beds are probably 
the oldest volcanic products of the Phlegrean Fields exposed at the 
surface, with the exception of the Rione Amedeo tuffs. 
Province of Naples.—Continuing my investigations of the chronological 
stratigraphy of the volcanic products of the Neapolitan area, it is with 
much pleasure that a considerable amount of valuable additions of facts 
bearing on this point has come under my observation. Professor A. 
Scacchi, continuing his mineralogical investigations on the meta- 
morphosed blocks of limestone enclosed in the pipernoid tuff, has 
described those of Puccianello near Caserta. He also touches upon their 
geological relations, referring them to a local eruption at that spot. As 
this is a report, and elsewhere I have combated those opinions, I shall 
limit these remarks to my own observations and the conclusions I am led 
to by them. 
At the conjunction of two or three shallow but steeply inclined gorges 
in the limestone are the remains of an old deposit of pipernoid tuff attain- 
ing considerable thickness in consequence of being a talus formed from 
the slopes above when stripped of their subaerial covering of volcanic 
dust soon after its ejection. This mass of tuff has been very extensively 
quarried, and the highest pit exhibits the relations of the quarried tuff to 
the limestone. From the accompanying details and sketch section these 
relations can be easily understood. 
The identity of the beds underlying the pipernoid tuff of Puccianello 
and that of the Monte Santo Funicular Railway tunnel cannot for one 
moment be doubted, and fully confirms my former conclusion drawn 
from much more imperfect sections elsewhere. 
Near the bottom of the pipernoid tuff of Puccianello is a layer of old 
limestone fragments, &c., now metamorphosed to fluorides and silicates. 
The band of these runs near and parallel to the under surface of the 
tuff, and the layer of fragments is more common at the lower end of the 
band, indicating that they were carried down the slopes above, being 
