ON THE NORTU-WESTERN TRIBES OF CANADA. ath 
to return the stolen property. A man who is offended has the right to 
take revenge at once. If he does not do so the perpetrator has the right 
to pay off his offence. 
It may be mentioned here that sometimes men assume women’s dress 
and occupations, and vice versd. Such individuals are called st#’o’mztce. 
This custom is found all along the North Pacific coast. 
GAMBLING AND PASTIMES. 
1. Smétalé’—A game at dice is played with four beaver-teeth, two 
_ being marked on one of their flat sides with two rows of small circles. 
_ They are called ‘ women’ (sld/naé smétalé'). The two others are marked 
on one of the flat sides with cross-lines. They are called ‘men’ 
(suwé'l:a smétalé’). One of them is tied with a small string in the 
middle. It is called iuk-ak’é’sen. The game is played by two persons. 
According to the value of the stakes, thirty or forty sticks are placed 
between the players. One begins to throw. When all the marked faces 
are either up or down he wins two sticks. If the faces of the two ‘men’ 
are up, of the two ‘women’ down, or vice versd, he wins one stick. When 
the face of the iak-ak’’é'sen is up, all others down, or vice versd, he wins 
four sticks. Whoever wins a stick goes on playing. When one of the 
players has obtained all the sticks he has won the stake. 
2. Slzhd'lzm, or wugk’ ats, is played with one white and nine black discs, 
‘The former is called the ‘man.’ Two players take part in the game. They 
sit opposite each other, and each has a mat before him, the end nearest 
the partner being raised a little. The player covers the discs with cedar- 
bark and shakes them in the hollow of his hands, which are laid one on 
the other. Then he takes five into each hand and keeps them wrapped 
in cedar-bark, moving them backward and forward from right to left. 
Now the opponent guesses in which hand the white disc is. Each player 
has five sticks lying in one row by his side. If the guesser guesses right 
he rolls a stick over to his opponent, who is the next to guess. If the 
guesser guesses wrong, he gets a stick from the player who shook the 
dises, and who continues to shake. The game is at an end when oneman 
has got all the sticks. He has lost. Sometimes one tribe will challenge 
another to a game of slzhd/lum. In this case it is called lehdlzmé'latl, or 
wugle atse'latt. 
3. K'ioid/ls—A game at ball; the ball, which is made of maple 
knots, is called smuk. It is pitched with crooked sticks and driven from 
one party to the other. 
4, Hawaud' latcis—The game of cat’s cradle. A great variety of figures 
are made. Only one person is required to make these figures. Some- 
times the teeth must help in making them. 
This is only a partial list, containing only those games of which I ob- 
tained descriptions. Besides these, throwing and catching of hoops is a 
favourite game. In gambling, the well-known sticks of the northern 
_ tribes are often used, or a piece of bone is hidden in the hands of a mem- 
ber of one party, while the other must guess where it is. 
_ It is considered indecent for women to look on when the men gamble. 
Only when two tribes play against each other are they allowed to be 
_ present. They sing during the game, waving their arms up and down 
_ rhythmically. Menand women of the winning party paint their faces red. 
4 rPp2 
