ON THE NORTH-WESTERN TRIBES OF CANADA. 665 
Kwakiutl | Heiltsuk- 
’ |) = MaMa 
Strike (singular) Strike (plural) | Kill (singular) Kill (plural) 
| 
me! min’i'tas gyd'qun min itinda' ogelas | elqansen’tla aizlgqause'ntla 
gyaiqen — 
_ [him! min?'task iku min itinda'ogelas- |\rlgaust'kiku  |aivlqausc'hihn 
_ | (near speaker) hrihu &e. | 
jus! min’'tas gya'qenug — elganse'ntlinth aizlgause'ntlinth 
_ |them! same as singular —_— \wizlgause'h ihn \aivlgaunse'h the 
let me feed thee ! hamgytlalasentlitl, K. 
‘ let me feed you ! hamgytladaoglasentlitl, K. 
: gy q 
let us feed thee! hamgyilala'senoqitl, K. 
’ let us strike him, them! m7?mttasentsak’, K 
let us kill him ! Elqause'ntsk-2, H 
let us kill them ! aielgansr'ntshé, H. 
An interrogative exists in both dialects, but it has not become quite clear to me: 
dost thou eat ? hamsa'sa? H. 
does he (near pers. addr.) eat ? hamsa'eugtsa ? H. 
do you eat? haia'mses? H. 
One of the most important characteristics of the verb is that, whenever it is 
peecompanied by an adverb, the latter is inflected, not the verb: 
I do not eat, hyéd'sniqua ha'msa, H. 
he did not(1) say(2) so, kyé'sthku(1) né'hya(2), K 
In the case of transitive verbs the adverb takes the ending corresponding to the 
intransitive verb, the verb retains the incorporated object. Thus the adverb 
assumes the character of an aoe verb. In some cases the object is treated in 
the same way: 
we see (2) all (1) of them, dgya'mxnth‘ (1) dok-ola'k-aé (2), H 
FORMATION OF WORDS. 
Mr. Hall does not enter into this subject very fully, and the following notes 
will, for this reason, be welcome. The analysis of words of the Kwakiutl language 
is very easy. A great number of nouns occur in two separate forms, independent 
and dependent. Whenever such a noun occurs in connection with another word it 
is incorporated in the latter. So far as I am aware, only suffixes occur in Kwakiutl. 
A number of these nouns signify classes, for instance tree, female. Locative suffixes 
are found in very great numbers. Adjectives and verbs are also incorporated. I 
give a list, arranged alphabetically: 
about, here and 
there —uilila,' K. tlz' hkwilila, moving about. 
la'kuilila, camping here and there. 
ng —xntala, K. along round object: composed with —niés, side 
of—, k-a'tsniitsentdla, to walk along round 
object. 
along flat object : composed with —xng, edge 
of—, hk:a'tsenggpntala, to walk along flat 
i object. 
always —tl, K. amda'qulatl, always giving away blankets. 
ot bagbaku' lati, always eating human flesh. 
among —ak-a, K. H. neq ak a'la, to pull out of full box, K. (ie., 
Ps from among). 
A mda'k-ak-a, to throw among, H. 
arm,upper | —siaipé, K.H. destdépé', upper arm, K. H. 
af 
tlétstapz', skin of upper arm, K. 
huk utsid'pé, skin of upper arms, H. 
1 The —la in this and several others is probably a verbal suffix. 
1890. x 
