896 REPORT—1890. 
Ayres. This suggested route would afford an expeditious outlet for its immensely 
varied products—gold, silver, bismuth, mercury, marble, all kinds of agricultural 
produce, &c., &c., and at the same time greatly facilitate the colonisation of 
Hastern Bolivia. 
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9. 
The following Papers were read :— 
1. Notes on a Journey in the Eastern Carpathians. 
By Miss Ment Moriet Dowie. 
Miss Dowie read a paper dealing with her experiences among the people who 
inhabit the Carpathian Mountains on the Eastern or Polish side. She gave a 
brief description of the life of these people, their work, costume, and character, and 
included an account of her journeys, alone, on horseback there, the mountains, and 
the conditions under which she was obliged to live. She concluded with some 
remarks upon the future of Galicia and its great natural resources in the shape of 
petroleum wells, salt and silver mines, together with the immense industries in 
connection with its woods, yet to be fully developed. 
2. The Present State of the Ordnance Survey and the Paramount Necessity 
for a Thorough Revision.’ Henry T. Croox, C.L. 
3. Ancient Maps of Egypt, Lake Moeris, and the Mowntains of the Moon 
By Corr Wuirrnovss. 
The revised (1890) map of Middie Egypt prepared by the Intelligence Depart- 
ment of the War Office shows a part of the changes effected by the observations 
of the author of this paper. A critical study of the manuscript and printed maps 
attached to the text of Claudius Ptolemy had enabled him to aver, as a crucial 
test of their authenticity, that a depression would be found to exist in the desert 
to the west of the Nile, to the south of the Fayoum, with its western extremity 
nearly south of Alexandria, due south of the Natron lakes, between the latitudes 
of Heracleopolis and Oxyrhinchus, or (approximately) of Beni-Suef and Maghagha, 
of a peculiar shape, somewhat resembling a clover-leaf and stem, with remains of 
a Greek town at the north end of the narrow southern valley, on the east side. The 
physical conditions of this region have now been determined with extreme accuracy. 
The map exhibited received the approval of the International Jury at the Paris 
Exposition (1889), médazlle d’argent, and has been used by the War Office (1890). 
The most important maps of the printed editions of Cl. Ptolemy, of the 
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, have been reproduced in the facsimile atlas 
(1890) prepared with great erudition and skill by Baron A. E. Nordenskiold, 
translated by Mr. Clements R. Markham, U.B., F.R.S. [Maps evhibited.| The 
oldest. known manuscript is that of Mt. Athos—possibly of the twelfth century. 
[Exhibited in photographic reproduction.| The most accurate delineation of this 
region is in the so-called ‘Agnese’ (Palmese), xvii. 29, a.p. 1554 (photographed 
by Organia). A comparison shows that the Meridis Lacus, as it was in A.D. 150, 
exactly corresponds to the Wadi Raiyan and Wadi Muellah, with the ruins of the 
Deir Muellah, at the contour of high-Nile; or to that regulating reservoir, with 
an area of 250 square miles and a depth of 220 feet, which will be formed by 
putting this depression in communication with the Nile. 
Mr. H. M. Stanley’s identification of Ruwenzori with the Mountains of the 
Moon reversed this method. He found the mountains, and then examined the 
1 Printed in full in the Proc. R.G.S. vol. xii. p. 674. 
