234 University of California Publications in Zoology  [Vov. 17 
of the individuals shot from any single flock were of the same sex, 
though another flock might yield all of the opposite sex.” 
Rhoads (1903, p. 213) writes: 
I have observed this species returning from apparently extensive flights over 
the ocean on the N[ew] Jersey coast in the early morning before sunrise. On 
one or two occasions in September single individuals haye been observed flying 
directly toward the shore, so exhausted as to make little progress against a land 
breeze and alighting on the nearest object as soon as land was reached. It is 
possible that these had been blown to sea during their migrations along the coast. 
It is not generally realized that bats possess powers of flight 
superior to those of many birds; yet this may be inferred from the 
fact that a red bat has been known to catch flies in the air while bur- 
dened with young that tegether weighed more than she did. 
In August and September, 1890 and 1891, Miller (1897a, pp. 541— 
543) had the opportunity of watching the appearance and disappear- 
ance of the above three species of bats at a locality where none could 
be found during the breeding season. Highland Light, where the 
observations were made, is situated near the edge of a high place in 
the series of steep bluffs of glacial deposit which form the outer side 
of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The light, which is less than ten miles 
from the northern extremity of the cape, is separated from the main- 
land toward the east and northeast by from twenty-five to fifty miles 
of water. The bluff on which it stands rises abruptly from the beach 
to a height of one hundred and fifty feet. All three species (the 
silvery-haired, hoary, and red bats) were found flying for the most 
part along the face of the bluff, feeding upon the myriads of insects 
blown there by the prevailing southwest winds. The bats were never 
seen by Miller in the daytime, although he made diligent search for 
them. He suggests that they may have found shelter by day in the 
dense, stunted scrub-oak growth, which crowns the bluff in many 
places. In 1890 the first bats of the season were seen August 21, and 
the last September 12. In 1891 the first date recorded is August 25, 
and the last September 13. Separate records were kept of the differ- 
ent species. The numbers of bats of each species seen in a single 
evening varied from one to sixteen. 
An interesting observation upon the diurnal migration of bats was 
made by Howell (1908, pp. 35-87) at Washington, D. C., upon the 
morning of September 28, 1907. The observer first noted bats at 
8 a.m. They were all flying with the wind, which was southwest. 
They did not fly in flocks, but singly, usually but four or five being 
