1918] Grinnell: A Synopsis of the Bats of California 311 
Pipistrellus hesperus merriami (Dobson) 
Merriam Bat 
Scotophilus hesperus H. Allen (1864, pp. 43-44, figs. 38-40), part. Orig- 
inal description of hesperus; Posa Creek [Kern County] specimens 
referable to merriamt. 
Scotophilus hesperus, Cooper (1868, p. 5), part. Distribution. 
Vesperugo merriami Dobson (1886, p. 124). Original description; type 
stated to be from Locust Grove, New York, but really from Red Bluff, 
Tehama County, California. 
Vesperugo merriami, True (1887, p. 515). Validity doubted. 
Vesperugo merriami, Bryant (1892, p. 223). Nominal. 
Vesperugo merriami, Miller (1897b, p. 31). Nomenclature. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Miller (1897b, pp. 88-90), part. Description; gen- 
eral distribution. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Elliot (1901, pp. 408-409, fig. 86), part. Diagnosis; 
general distribution. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Elliot (1904b, pp. 582-5838, figs. 108, 86), part. 
Diagnosis; general distribution. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Stone (1904a, p. 579).  Reeord of occurrence in 
Mendocino County. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Elliot (1905, pp. 480-481), part. General distri- 
bution. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Stephens (1906, pp. 269-270), part. Description ; 
distribution; habits. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Elliot (1907, pp. 507-508), part. Loealities of cap- 
ture in California. 
Pipistrellus hesperus, Miller (1912, p. 60), part. General range. 
Pipistrellus hesperus merriani, J. Grinnell (1913b, pp. 279-280). Range 
in California. 
Pipistrellus hesperus merriami, J. Grinnell (1914, pp. 267-268). Status 
and range. 
lo 
Diagnosis—Size very small (total length 66 to 78 millimeters, 
forearm 27.5 to 30.8); tragus blunt, with tip bent forward; general 
color of fur buffy brown both above and below; membranes, ears, and 
feet, blackish. 
Description.—This subspecies, Pipistrellus hesperus merriami, very 
closely resembles the preceding one, Pipistrellus hesperus hesperus, 
differing only in darker coloration and in slightly larger average size. 
Color—Wing and tail membranes, ears and feet, blackish (see 
pl. 18, fig. 16). Terminal portion of body fur, both above and 
beneath, nearest ‘‘warm buff’’ of Ridgway’s Color Standards; but 
the darker bases of the hairs showing through lend a brownish aspect 
to the mass appearance. 
Measurements—Average and extreme measurements in milli- 
meters of a series of 16 specimens of the Merriam bat in the Museum 
of Vertebrate Zoology are as follows: six males: total length, 69.0 
(extremes, 66.0—-73.0) ; tail vertebrae, 29.0 (28.0-30.0) ; tibia, 11.0 
(10.6-12.0) ; foot, 5.5 (5.0-6.5) ; forearm, 28.1 (27.5-29.0) ; greatest 
