418 University of California Publications in Zoology [Vou. 17 
and the under parts and throat with gray; the under tail coverts are blue. 
The general effect of these modifications is to produce a much more uniformly 
and inconspicuously marked bird than 4A. californica. The bill of woodhousei 
averages longer than in californica, but is more slender. From 4A. insularis, 
woodhousei differs constantly in its subdued and uniform coloration, and smaller 
size. 
No. 25934 (Mus. Vert. Zool.), male, Williams Butte, Mono County, Cali- 
fornia, September 21, 1915. Blue areas, Columbia blue; dorsum and lower 
parts, suffused with bluish throughout. 
Remarks.—The range of the Woodhouse jay in California is re- 
stricted to scattered and disconnected areas of Upper Sonoran in the 
Inyo region, the arid desert section of the eastern part of the state. 
In the late summer and fall it is a visitant to the eastern slope of the 
Sierra Nevada, where it comes into direct contact with A. c. immanis, 
but it apparently does not breed in this section. Carroll Creek, just 
south of Mount Whitney, is the southernmost record station, though 
there is no evident reason why the species should not extend much 
farther south and west. 
Comparison of three California specimens at hand in fresh fall 
plumage, with individuals taken at the same season in southern 
Arizona, shows no differences between the two lots. 
Aphelocoma insularis Henshaw 
Type locality—Santa Cruz Island, California. 
Range.—Santa Cruz Island, California. 
Specimens examined.— From Santa Cruz Island, 14. 
Distinguishing characters.—Distinguished from any subspecies of A. cali- 
fornica by greater size, darker coloration, and definitely blue under tail coverts. 
From A. woodhousei, which it resembles in its blue under tail coverts, insularis 
is distinguished by greater size, darker coloration, and (like A. californica) 
in more strongly contrasted markings. 
No. 5458 (coll. of J. Grinnell), male, Santa Cruz Island, September 3, 1903. 
Blue areas, deep dull violaceous blue; dorsum, clove brown. 
Remarks.—The Santa Cruz jay is in many respects one of the most 
remarkable species that has been produced upon the Santa Barbara 
Islands. Each of the animal forms evolved upon these islands has 
developed in ways deserving the most careful study, for neither in 
the trend taken by the characters serving to distinguish them from 
their mainland relatives, nor in the distribution of species upon the 
islands, is it possible to detect uniformity in the results attained. In 
the particular species in question certain anomalies stand out even 
more conspicuously than in any of the other island birds. 
