SACRFD ISLES IN THE^ WEST, &C. 309 



The four great countries, or Maha-dwipas, are 

 Uttara-curu to the North, Bhadrasva to the East, 

 Janibu to tlie South, and Cttumala to the West. 

 In the intermediate spaces, in the North- West, are 

 Szvarna-prasfha, or Ireland, and Chan'dra-s'ucla- 

 Avarttana, or Britain. In the North-East are 

 Ramanaca and Mandara ; these are unknown, and 

 have been placed there probably for the sake of 

 syminetry. In the Soutli-East, Lanca, the penin- 

 sula of Alidaca, Sinhcila, or Ceylon : in the South- 

 West there is Hai'ina, the Raneh of Arabian au- 

 thors, now Madagascar; and Pancha-Jahya, or 

 Sane ha ; as may be seen in the accompanying deli- 

 neation of the worldly Lotos. 



The usual division of the known world is into 

 nine chan'das, or portions, exactly of the same size, as 

 to superficial contents, but of very different figures 

 and dimensions. In the center of the old conti- 

 nent, on the highest and most elevated spot, is the 

 division called Ildvrattd, or the circle of Ila: to the 

 East is Bhadrasva, and to the West Cetumala, or 

 simply Cctii. Toward the South are three ranges 

 of mountains, and as m.any to the North; between 

 them are four divisions, two between the three 

 ranges in the South, and as many between tliose in 

 the North. The names of the ranges, to the South 

 of Ildvratta, are Himachala, Himadrci, or the 

 snowy mountain : to the North of this range is the 

 second, called llema-cui'a, from its golden peaks ; 

 the country, or division, between them, is called 

 Cimpii-rusha, or Cimiara-dhanda. The third range 

 is called Nishad'ha; and the country between this 

 and Hema-c'ut'a, is called Harivarsham, or Hari- 

 c'handa. 



To the North of Ilavratta are the Nila, or blue 

 mountains : to the North of this range is another. 



X 3 



