420 OK THE VE'DAS, 



contains seven lectures, constitutes with the third 

 an Uponishad of this Veda, entitled the Bahvnck 

 Brahmaiva Upanishad ; or, more commonly, the 

 Aitorkya, as having been recited by a sage named 

 Aitare'ya*. The four last lectures of that se- 

 cond A'ranyaca, are particularly consonant to the 

 theological doctrines of the Veddnta ; and are ac- 

 cordingly selected by theologians of the Veddnti 

 school, as the proper Aitareya Upanishad ■\. The 



* It is so affirmed by Anandati'rt'ha in his notes: and 

 he, and the commentator, nhom he annotates, state the original 

 speaker of this Upanishad to be Mahida'sa, an incarnation of 

 Na'ra'yai^'a, proceeding from Vis'a'la, son of Abja. He 

 adds, that, on the sudden appearance of this deity at a solemn 

 celebration, the whole assembly of gods and priests fainted : but, 

 at the intercession of Brahma', they were revived ; and, afte/ 

 making their obeisance, they were instructed in holy science : this 

 Avatdra vvas called Mahida'sa, because those venerable per- 

 sonages (Mahin) declared tliemselves his slaves (dhaj. 



In the concluding title of one transcript of this Aran'ya, I find 

 it ascribed to A's'WALa'yana: probably, by an error of the 

 transcriber. On the other hand, Saunaca appears to be author 

 of some texts of the Aran'i/u; for a passage, from the second 

 lecture of the fifth (Ar. 5, lect. 2, § 11), is cited as Saunaca's, 

 by the commentator on the pravers of the Rigvtda (lect. 1, 

 § 15). 



t I have two copies of Sancara's commentary, and one of 

 annotations on his gloss by Nara'yan'e'ndra ; likewise a copy 

 of Sa yan'a's commentary on the same theological tract,* and 

 also on the third A'ran'yaca ; besides annotations by Ananda- 

 ti'rt'ha on a diifereiit gloss, for tlie entire Upanishad. The 

 concluding prayer, or seventh lecture of the second Aran'yaca, 

 was omitted by Sancara, as sufficiently perspicuous : but is ex- 

 pounded by Sa'yan'a, whose exposition is the same, which is 

 added bv Sancara's commentator: and which transcribers some- 

 times subjoin to Sancara's gloss. 



As an instance of singular and needless frauds, I must mention, 

 that the work of Anandati'rt'ha was sold to me, under a 

 different title, as a commentary on the Taitliriya sanhitd of the 

 Yajurvcda. The running titles, at the end of each cliapter, had 

 been altered accordingly. On examination, I found it to be a 

 different, but valuable work ; as above described. 



