LXXX 
Sin Hucu WIL- 
LOUGHBY. 
Nortn Carpe. 
Currie Istanp. 
Cin Ef R&R EE Die ee AS, ON aD. 
buys, frtuated in a good harbour, in the ifle of Wardse, at the extremity of Finmark; 
probably built for the protection of the fifhing trade, the only object it could have 
in this remote place. 
A little farther eaftward, in Mufcovitifh Finmark, is Arzina, noted for the fad 
fate of that gallant gentleman, Sir Hugh Willoughby, who, in 1553, commanded the 
firft voyage on the difcovery by fea of Mu/fcovia, by the north-eaft ; a country at that 
time fcarcely known to the reft of Europe. He unfortunately loft his paflage, was 
driven ‘by tempefts into ‘this port, where he and all his crew were found the fol- 
lowing year frozen to death. His more fortunate confort, Richard Chancellor 
captain and pilot major, purfued his voyage, and renewed the difcovery of the 
White Sea, or Bay of St. Nicholas; a place totally forgotten fince the days of 
Oéher. The circumftances attending his arrival, exactly refemble thofe of the firit 
difcoverers of America. He admired the barbarity of the Ru/fan inhabitants: they 
in return were in amaze at the fize of his fhip: they fell down and would have 
kifled his feet; and when they left him fpread abroad the arrival of ‘a ftrange 
nation, of fingular gentlenefle and courtefic *.? He vifited in fledges the court cf 
Ba/filowitz Il. then at Mofcow, and layed the foundation of inmenfe commerce to 
this country for a feries of years, even to the remote and unthought-of Per/ia. 
I fhall take my departure from the extreme north of the continent of Europe, or 
rather from its fhattered fragments, the ifle of Maggeroe, and other iflands, which lie 
off the coaft, in Jat. 71. 33. At the remote end of AZaggerse is the North Cape, 
high and flat at top, or what the failors call Table-land+. Thefe are but the con- 
tinuation of the great chain of mountains which divides Scandinavia, and finks 
and rifes through the ocean, in different places, to the Seven Siffers, in about lat. 
80. 30, the neareft land to the pole which we are acquainted with. 
Its firft appearance above water, from this group, is at Cherie [/land, in lat. 74. 
30. a moft folitary fpot, rather more than midway between the North Cape and 
Spitzbergen, or about a hundred and fifty miles from the latter. Its figure is nearly 
round : its furface rifes into lofty mountanous fummits, craggy, and covered with 
perpetual fnow: one of them is truly called Afount Mdiféry. The horror of this 
ile to the firft difcoverers muft have been unfpeakable. "he profpeét dreary, 
black, where not hid with fnow, and broken into a thoufand precipices. No 
founds but of the dafhing of the waves, the crafhing collifion of floating ice, the 
difcordant notes of myriads of fea-fowl, the yelping of Arétic Foxes, the {norting 
of the Walrufes, or the roaring of the Polar Bears. 
*® Hackluyt, i. 246. } See a view of thefe iflands in Phil, Trauf. vol. lix. tab. xiv. 
This 
