AO R.C’H A: NG E: Le 
creafing trade brought here on the difcovery of the White Sea by the Englifh ; for 
fhips of all nations reforted to this port, even as far as from Venice. Its exports, im 
1655, amounted to three hundred and thirty thoufand pounds *. Peter the Great, 
intent on aggrandizing his creation, Peterfburg, prohibited all trade to Archangels, 
except from the neighboring provinces. Still its exports of tar were confiderable : 
in 1730, to the amount of forty thoufand lafts, of eleven barrels each +. It fends, 
during winter, great quantities of the Nawaga, a {mall fpecies of three-finned 
Cod t, to Peterfourg, frozen, as Kola does Herrings in the fame ftate. 
The White Sea is every winter filled with ice from the Frozen ocean, which brings 
with it the Harp Seal, N° 77; and the Leporine, N° 75, frequent it during fum- 
mer. Whoever furveys the maps of the provinces between this fea and the gulphs 
of Bothnia and Finland, will obferve them to be more occupied by lakes than land, 
and be at once fatisfied of the probability of the once-infulated ftate of Scandinavia. 
As foon as thefe ftreights were clofed, the White Sea loft its depth, and is at prefent 
kept open only by the force of its great rivers. 
On the eaftern fide of the entrance into the ftreight is the ifle of Kandinos, often 
fpoken of by our early navigators in their way to the Vaygatz, in their fearch for a 
north-eaft paflage. Between it and the main land is avery narrowchannel. After 
doubling the cape of Kandinos, the fea forms two great bays. A confiderable part 
of the fhore to the eaft confifts of low fandy hills ||. Into the moft remote bay flows, 
in lat. 68. 30, by many mouths, the vaft river Peczora, a place of great trade before 
the time of Peter I. Thoufands of Samoieds and other favages reforted to the 
town, with feathers of White Grous, and other birds; Sables, and the moft valuable 
furs; fkins of Elks and other deer; the oil from the Walrus, N° 71, from the 
Beluga, p. 182; and different fort of fifh§. Here was, in 1611, a great filhery of 
Beluga: above fifty boats, with three men each, were employed to harpoon them q. 
The entrance into the river is dangerous, by reafon of a fandy fhoal. The tide 
rifes there only four feet. 
The coafts eaft of Archangel, even as far as the river Ob, are inhabited by 
the Samoieds; a race as fhort as the Laplanders, more ugly, and infinitely more 
brutalized ; their food being the carcafles of horfes, or any. other animals. 
‘They ufe the Rein Deer to draw. their fledges, but are not civilized enough to 
* Anderfon’s Di&.i. 97. + The fame, 328. t Nov. Com. Petrop. xiv. 484. tab. xii. Its 
leagth does, not exceed eleven inches. \| Hackluyt, i. 277. & Purchas, i. 546. 
@ The fame, 549. x 
m2 make 
xelit 
SAMOIEDS. 
