iva wok s. -C HH Ae EB AY, 
The Nerkaisanother fpecies, called by the Ruffians, Kra/naya ryba, from the intenfe 
purplifh rednefs of the flefh. Itisof the form of the common Salmon ; but never 
exceeds fixteen pounds in weight. When it firftenters the rivers it is of a filvery 
brightnefs, with a bluifh back and fins: when it leaves the fea the teeth are 
fmall, and jaws ftrait; but after it has been fome time in the frefh water, the 
jaws grow crooked (efpecially in the male) and the teeth large. It begins to 
afcend the rivers in vaft numbers in Yune; penetrates to their very fources ; and 
returns in September to the fea, firft refting for fome time in the deep parts of the 
intervening lakes. It is taken in nets, either in the bays, as it approaches the 
rivers, or in the rivers, after it has quitted the fea *. 
The Ky/utch, or Bjelaya ryba, or White Fifth of the Ruffians, afcends the rivers 
in Fuly, particularly fuch as are difcharged from the inland lakes, and remain 
till December, when all the old fifh perifh, and the fry take to the fea. The 
upper jaw of the male, in its laft period, becomes crooked. This fpecies has 
the form of a common Salmon, but never attains three feet in length. It is of 
a filvery glofly color, fpotted about the back ; but in the rivers acquires a reddifh 
caft: the jaws are long and blunt: the teeth large: the flefh is reddifh before 
it quits the fea; but in the frefh water grows white. It is reckoned the moft 
excellent of the light-colored fifh. 
The Keta or Kayko, in form and fize refembles the laft ; but the head is fhorter 
and more blunt: the tail is lunated: the flefh white: the color of the fcales a 
filvery white: the back greenifh ; and the whole free from fpots. It afcends the 
rivers in Fuly, and the fifhery continues till Ofober. This fpecies is fourtd in 
great abundance ; and is fo common, that the Fouksla made with it is called 
houfhold bread. 
The Gorbufcha, or Hunch-back, arrives at the fame time with the laft. In 
form it refembles the Grayling : never exceeds a foot and a half in length : is of 
a filvery color, and unfpotted: the tail forked: the flefh white. After it has been 
fome time in the frefh water it changes its fhape (the male efpecially) in a moft 
furprizing manner. The jaws and teeth grow prodigioufly long, efpecially the 
upper, which at firft is fhorteft, but foon fhoots beyond the under, and grows 
crooked downwards ; the body becomes emaciated, and the meat bad: but 
what is moft charaCteriftic, an enormous bunch rifes juft before the firft dorfal fin, 
to which it owes itsname. Its flefhis bad; fo that this fith falls to the fhare of 
the dogs. 
* This fpecies is defcribed (Voyage, ili. 351) under the name of Red Fi/h ; the preceding, in p. 359; 
under that of Tchavit/i, 
r The 
KysutTcu. 
LEAD I SK 
P. 14. 
V. 10. 
A. 
Kerta. 
P. D. 14. 
P. 15. 
Vi. ris 
A. 18. 
GorBUSCHAe 
