MULGRAV Ez POINT, FCY SEA. 
Colonel Schefiakow, in the unfortunate expedition undertaken by him to render 
the T/chut/ki tributary *. 
Here begins the Jcy Seeor Frozen Ocean. The country trends ftrongly to the eaft, 
an@ forms, in Jat. 67. 45, long. 194. 51, Point Mulgrave ; the land low, backed 
inland with moderate hills, but all barren, and deftitute of trees. From hence 
it makes a flight trend to the welt. Cape Li/burn lies in lat. 6g ; and Icy Cape, the 
_ moft extreme land feen by any navigators on this fide, was obferved in lat. 70. 29, 
long. 198. 20, by our illuftrious feaman, on A4uguf? 18th 1778. The preceding 
day he had made an advance as high as 70. 41 ; but, baffled by impenetrable ice, 
upon the jufteft reafoning was obliged to give up all thoughts of the north-eaft 
paflage : which reafons were confirmed; in the following year, by his fucceffor in 
command, Captain CLERKE. All the trials made by that perfevering commander 
could not attain a higher latitude than 70. 11, long. 196. 15. He found himfelf 
laboring under a lingering, difeafe, which he knew muft be fatal, unlefs he could 
gain a more favorable climate but his high fenfe of honor, and of his duty to his 
orders, determined him to perfift, till the impoffibility of fuccefs was determined 
by every officer. He gave way to their opinion, failed towards the fouthward on 
Fuly 21ft, and on Augu/? 22d honorably funk, at the age of thirty-eight, under a 
diforder contracted by a continued fcene of hardfhips, endured from his earlieft 
youth in the fervices of his country +. 
To fuch chara@ters as thefe we are indebted for the little we know, and pro- 
bably all that can be known, of the Icy Sea. The antients had fome obfcure 
notion of its coa{ls, and have given it the name of Scythicum Mare ; a cape jutting 
into it was ftyled Scythicum Promontorium ; and an ifland at the bottom of a deep 
bay to the weft of it, Scythica Infula. It is following the conjectures of the inge- 
nious to fay, that the firft may be the Cape Fa/ma/, and the laft, Nova Zemlja, 
which fome will make the In/u/a Tazata of Pliny, as it refembles in name the ri- 
ver Jas; which flows almoft oppofite to it into the gulph of Ot. The know- 
lege which the antients had of thefe parts muft have been from traffic. The old 
Ladoga was, in very early times, a place of great commerce, by affiftance of rivers 
and feas, even from the fartheft parts of the Mediterranean ; the coins of Syria, 
Arabia, Greece, and Rome, having been found in the burial-places adjoining to 
that antient city §. Another channel of knowlege was formed from the great 
traffic carried on by the merchants, from eyen the remote India, up the Volga 
and the Kama, and from thence to T/cherdyn, an emporium on the river Kelva, 
% Decouvertes, &c, i. 166, t See the particulars of his fervices, Voyage, ili, 280. 
}. Strablenberg Hift. Rufia, 113. § Same,:s10. 
x feated 
cLvVIlI 
Point Mute 
GRAVE. 
Or THE Icy SEA» 
