. 
Bosse M aA UO®. 
from the lufty Ca/mucs to the little Nogaians. The internal Americans, fuch as 
the Five Indian nations, who are tall of body, robuft in make, and of oblong 
faces, are derived from a variety among the Tartars themfelves. The fine race of 
Tjchut/ki feem to be the ftock from which thofe Americans are derived. The T/chut/Ri 
again, from that fine race of Tartars, the Kabardinfki, or inhabitants of Kabarda. 
But about Prince William’s Sound begins a race, chiefly diftinguifhed by their 
drefs, their canoes, and their inftruments of the chace, from the tribes to 
the fouth of them. Here commences the Efkimaux people, or the race known 
by that mame in the high latitudes of the eaftern fide of the continent. 
They may be divided into two varieties. At this place they are of the largeft 
fize. As they advance northward they decreafe in height, till they dwindle 
into the dwarfifh tribes: which occupy fome of the coafts of the Icy Sea*, 
and the maritime parts of Hudfon’s bay, of Greenland, and Terra de Labrador. 
The famous Fapanefe map + places fome iflands feemingly within the ftreights of 
Berine, on which is beftowed the title of Ya Zue, or the kingdom of the dwarfs. 
Does not this in fome manner authenticate the chart, and give us reafon to fuppofe 
that America was not unknown to the Japane/e, and that they had (as is mentioned 
by Kampfer and Charlevoix t) made voyages of difcovery, and, according to the 
laft, aétually wintered on the continent? That they might have met with the 
Efkimaux is very probable ; whom, in comparifon of themfelves, they might juftly 
diftinguifh by the name of dwarfs. The reafon of their low ftature is very ob- 
vious: thefe dwell in.a moft fevere climate, amidft penury of food; the former in 
one much more favorable, abundant in provifions ; circumftances that tend to prevent 
the degeneracy of the human frame. At the ifland of Oonala/cha a diale&t of the 
Efkimaux is in ufe, which was continued along the whole coaft, from thence north- 
ward. I have before mentioned the fimilarity in the inftruments between the 
Americans of this fide of the coaft and the E/Rimaux, which is. continued even to 
Greenland. 
T cannot think the accounts well fupported, that America received any part of 
its firft inhabitants from Europe, prior to the fifteenth century. The Wel fondly 
imagine that our country contributed, in 1170, to people the New World, by the 
adventure of Madoc, fon of Owen Gwynedd, who, on the death of his father, failed 
there, and colonized part of the country. All that is advanced in proof is, a quo- 
tation from one of our poets, which proves no more than that he had diftinguifhed 
himfelf by fea and land. It is pretended that he made two voyages: that failing 
weft, he left Ireland fo far to the north, that he came to a land unknown, where 
* See Mr. Hearne’s Difcoveries. + Given by Kempfer to Sir Hans Sloane, and now preferved 
inthe Briti/fh Mufeum t Hift. Fapan. i. 67.--Charlevoix, faftes Chronologiques, ann. 168. 
he 
CLXIIi 
EskIMAux. 
WELSH. 
