AXUGANGAM, &C. 57 



equally, Bhadra-Ca'l'i or Petrigallj/, and SagcUa, is 

 equally so ; like the two places in the Deccan, called 

 Fetir-gala, and ModoguUa, by Ptolemy. In all 

 the names of places^ in which tha word Aloda is in- 

 troduced, this word is uniformly interpreted pleasing^ 

 char mi ng, from the Sanscrit Moda: thus Modii-ban 

 signifies the beautiful grove : Modzva, the name of 

 several rivers, implies their being delightful. Thus 

 Moda-giri, or Modu-gir, in the spoken dialects, sig- 

 nifies the beautiful hill ; Modu-gali, the beautiful 

 pass : thus Sancri-gali., now ^acrigaUey, implies the 

 narrovv^ pa>ss. The word gali is not Sanscrit; but 

 Sancri is derived from Sancirn'a: and innumerable 

 instrmces might be produced, of compound names of 

 ])laces, and even of men, in which one word is Sa7i- 

 scrit, and the other borrowed from the spoken dia- 

 lects. In this case Modu-gali, Bhadra-gali, and 

 Su-goU, imply equally tlie beautiful pass, between 

 a projection of the hills and the Ganges. Several 

 places in India are denominated Sa-golley, Sugoiilei/y 

 and Sucouky, from their being situated near a pass, 

 either through mountains, or almost impervious 

 woods. Pltxy seems to suppose, that the Royal, or 

 Nysscean road passed through Pacli^ or Peucolais ; 

 but this is highly improbable. It went directly 

 through the ferry of Aornos or Attock-Benares, to 

 Nysa. Aornos, or A-ccrnus, is probably derived from 

 the Sanscrit Varan'asa, pronounced Benares in the 

 spoken dialects. Father AIonserrat, who accom- 

 panied the P'mpcror Acbar, in his expedition to 

 Cabitl, says, that that Emperor paid the greatest at- 

 tention to the measurement of the roads, during his 

 juarch; and that, instead of a common rope, he sub- 

 stituted Bamboos, joined together by iron links. He 

 then says, that there were twenty-six and one fourth, 

 /)f tlicse Co.v, to one degree: each Cos consisted, of 

 course, of 1391 1. 77 feet, or 4637. 26 yards. 



V. From China, savs Ptolemy, there were two 



