ANUGANGAM, &C. 6? 



of accuracy in Ptolemy, and in the geographical 

 works of tlie ancients, we shall not be surprised at 

 it. It appears, however, that Sibd-clior was situated 

 in the beautiful valley of Tankya, near the streams 

 which form tbe Tcestah. There is a jjlace called 

 Sipa, on tbe road, from Napal- to La.ssa: but it is 

 too near Napal. Ptolemy places it on the river 

 BautcSy or Bautisus, now the Bont-su: though 

 Bot-sii, or the water of Bat, or Bud-fa??, would be a 

 very proper name for the Sa)?poo. This, I believe, 

 misled Ptolemy, who pVdces Jspaco?^a on that river. 

 Tbe southern branch of tliis river, the real Bai(t'?sus, 

 he deri\'es from the country to the west o\ Aindsong, 

 and makes it pass through the valley of la??kija. 

 The town, called by him Sohma, is probably Uj?ilin^ 

 called Uji(k-li)?k, in the map of the I^amas. Thus 

 they call Funjid'm, Fii.sid'-/ia?ig: Init my friend Pt'- 

 RAXGi'R assured me, tliat tbe true pronunciation of 

 it, in Tibet, is Pu??jtdl?2, with a nasal n at tbe end. 

 The name of the country oi' OttoiYi-coiYi, with a city 

 of the same name, is pure Hindu: Attdro-ghin\ tie 

 eighteen forts, or Rdjaships. It is the country of 

 Kapaid, now called the 24 forts, or Rajaships. I am 

 informed, that Napa?d proper consisted, originallv, 

 of eight forts, or Rdjaships ; in Hindu, At-ghur ; 

 perhaps, the Attaco)i o\^ Pliny: for the number of 

 vassal Rajahs, and tributary forts to Napaid, must 

 liave been constantly fluctuating. But, let us re- 

 turn to Ctesias, and his account of the inhabi- 

 tants of tbe southern parts of Budtan, which will 

 be found remarkably accurate, (tbough received 

 into Persia 4OO years B. C.) a few wikrnotions ex- 

 cepted. 



These people, says he, inhabit the whole range of 

 mountains, as far as the I)?d?is, to the westward. 

 Tbey are very black, but otberwise remarkable for 

 tbcir probity, as the other Hindus are in general; and 

 with wliom there is a constant intercourse. They 



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