104 ESSAY ON" 



the beginning of the Christian era. At that time, 

 says Pliny, the And'hra,Andaii^ kings, were very 

 powerful in India. They had no less than thirty 

 fortified cities, with an army of 100,000 men; and 

 1000 elephants. Their cavalry consisted only of 

 2000 men. Sri-Carnna-de'va takes the title of 

 king of Tri-Calinga^ or of the three shore'5, to the 

 east and west, and to the south of India, 



There was another Carna, mentioned in the 

 Mahd-Bhdrata, (section of the Rdjah-Dharma) to 

 whom Jar'A-sandiia gave the city of Malhii, with 

 the country round it, now the district of Bhaglepoor^ 

 called from him, the country of Carna. Malinl, in 

 lexicons, is said to he the same with Champd-nagari, 

 now Champd-nagar in that countr}^ This Carn'a 

 was the son of Canti, the wife of Pand'u, who 

 conceived by the sun ; and, of course, Carna is an 

 incarnation of the sun. Tradition says, that the 

 little kingdom of CaRna, now the Bhdgtcpoor dis- 

 trict remained, for many generations, in the pos- 

 session of the descendants of Carna. This Carna 

 is totally unconnected with our Carna, who like- 

 wise is of divine extraction, as one of his ancestors, 

 Ca'rtavirya, was conceived in a miraculous man- 

 ner; and to this day, divine honours are paid to 

 him, in the west of India. Hence, they all assumed 

 the titles of 'Sri and De va, as in 'Sri-Car'na-De'va, 

 the fortunate and divine Car'na, and m Sri' De'va- 

 Pala-Deva', whose original name was Deva-Pa'la, 

 answering exactly to XhtGreekTheo-philos, in which the 

 word Philosis taken in a passive sense, as well as Pa'la, 

 in Sanscrit, in the word Deo-Pa'la. In the com- 

 pound SrI-DeVa-pa'la-DeVa, the second De'va, is 

 no part of the name, but a title. There is a living 

 instance of such an hereditary divinity, near Poona, 

 of which an interesting account is given in the se- 

 venth volume of the Asiatic Researches^, in the family 



